Thursday, December 26, 2019

Evaluation of Diors Supply Chain Strategy - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2835 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Individually to prepare a 3000 word document using your group analyzed organization as a Case Study to compare their supply chain strategy against a comprehensive Literature Review of supply chain best practice which you individually identify as you see appropriate to evaluating the case study organization. You should develop a significant individual literature review during the course of the assignment. Introduction Many scholars and practitioners have focused on areas such as operations, marketing and human resource as main factors for firm performance and strategic competiveness, but still were unable to answer the main question which is why firms still outperform one another? In recent years, the quest to discover why firms outperform each other has led to the empirically and academically research the supply chain management and its processes Slone, 2004. As this is the era of globalization, firms or companies now have to deal with foreign as well as loc al competition where as they need to cater the demands of customer all across the globe and satisfy them with quality and timely delivery. In the 21st century, if a company aligns its supply chain with its business decisions starting from product portfolio to distribution channels for the consumers, only then supply chain will become a important success factor (Kearney, 2003).So SCM has combined function that link major business functions and processes within and across organizations. It adds up to interconnected and organized business model contributing to attain high performance (Cook et al., 2011). The prime examples for the above statement are Toyota, Dell and Wall- Mart. By effectively and efficiently using their supply chain management, they gained advantage over their competitors all over the world. If a firm does not adhere and align their supply chain to the global needs they will perish from the market or they will not be able to sustain in the global arena. It also leads to heavy lose. Cisco is prime example of the above fact. Due to their negligence towards their supply chain department, they had to write off 2.25 billion$ in inventory in 2001 and so did Motorola in 2003 (Hendricks and Singhal, 2003). They also argued that supply chain problems lead to a decrease in on an average of 10% of their market share. Dior’s supply chain management Christian Dior is one of the most famous fashion brands in the world. In order for them to live up to the famous fashion brand tag, they need to keep on catering the demands of the customers from all around the world. Being â€Å"One of the famous brands in fashion† is not an easy ride. They need to satisfy the demands leading to the satisfaction of the customers. This needs dedication, hard work, innovation and timely delivery of quality products. If they are unable to do so, they will not be able retain their customers as there is a lot of competition in the fashion industry namely Gucci. In Dior their supply chain management department includes focuses on Logistics. It is very critical to the Dior’s business. Dior is a Paris based company but their manufacturing plants are in Italy. It means all the goods are made there. Their logistics, ware housing and travel and fleet team are responsible for moving the goods to location all across the globe. In regional areas they hire FedEx to transport their goods to customers and retail outlets all over Italy. As they are the global business entity, they acquire the services of SDV for all the transportation of the products from the manufacturing plants in Italy to their warehouses outside of Italy, and the distribution from the warehouses to all the retail outlets in the country is done by SDV also. They have outsourced their transportation/ travel and fleet to third party contractors mentioned above. The reason they chose SDV for international transportation is due to their vast experience and having their own network of 600 offices in 99 countries. SDV is a subsidiary of Bollorà ©, which ranks among the world’s top 10 in transport and logistics. Its core business has always been intercontinental air and ocean freight transportation but now they have broadened the scope of its expertise and is now a global leader in supply chain management. In my opinion their Logistics strategy is one of the competitive advantages with a focus on customer and its satisfaction. From the above profile it is clearly seen that they have outsourced their logistics processes. Literature Review The core spirit of strategy is to perform the business functions and their activities better than their peers. Supply chain management is a core business need which is used to effectively manage and coordinate transformational activities from raw material and its storage to finished good to the end user/customer and its consumption (Heikkila, 2002). It involves various stakeholders therefore SCM proc eeds with systematic and strategic coordination of the entire stakeholder domain and business functions with a clear focus on achieving greater profitability and better revenue stream. Supply chain management is not limited to profitability but is a source of competitive advantage. Ireland and Webb 2007, argued that the organization who adopts the supply chain as its strategic business function is basically investing in having a mode of creating as well as maintaining and sustaining its competitive advantage. From the last thirty years supply chain management had various governing trends. In the 1980s, it was just-in-time production; in the 1990s, it was supply chain collaboration and the outsourcing of logistics activities; and in the 2000s, it was application of the internet, according to supply chain thinker, David Simchi-Levi (Hopkins, 2010).In this global business environment, the essence of competition referred to as firm vs. firm is changing into an arena where there is a war between Supply chains vs. supply chains. It is because businesses do not race with each other as independent entities but as supply chain. It is due success on the business depends upon management’s skills and ability to assimilate organization’s network of business relations. Supply chain is a key to achieving that mainly due to the fact that supply chain management offers various benefits which include inventory reduction, improved delivery service, shorter product development cycles, relationship between customers and suppliers. This is why it is one of the sources of competitive advantage. Therefore it enhances competitiveness and firm performance (Li et al., 2006) A lot of firms focus on market driven quality goals. It is basically the goals made up from market research. The inputs from the customers regarding their needs are a source from which company makes up their internal process goals. So in short the knowing or spotting of customer need is the foundi ng stone of quality goal. It is because customer needs start with quality and it ends up with their satisfaction. So in order for any company to make quality goals, they first should know about the quality expectation of their customers. Samson and Terziovski (1999) argued that customer focus is the underpinning principle for firms to implement quality management programs. So Knowledge about the customer’s needs is very important as knowledge leads to competitive advantages for supply chain partners (Wu, 2008). Customer focus in supply chain management endow with basis for creating knowledge based competencies for managing the relationships between the supply chain partners in very effective manner. It develops rational capabilities in supply chain management which can create value in the business (Chen et al., 2004). The capabilities consists of lasting relationship; encouragement of intensive communication; and make use of cross-functional panel; and participation of sup ply-chain associate to develop, convey and enhance the strategic value among customers, and stakeholders (e.g. Chen et al., 2004; Gronroos, 2004; Kahn et al., 2006). Due to globalization customer and consumer are geographically expanded. It means there are global markets for the firms to enter into. May be entering into the market is easy, but retaining and increase your share there is hard. It is because global markets want quality products but in a short span of delivery time. Harrison and New (2002) argued that organizational structure affects the movement of products, services, and information. Gries and Kasrda (1999) argue that when organization is expanding into different geographical location they become less and less hierarchal. Harrison and New (2002) found in their survey that one of the top four management priorities in terms of SCM was to increase the level of customer service offered. When the customer’s focus is identified, a firm can then mobilize its resour ces through management leadership to satisfy various customer needs. The top level of management assumes the responsibilities of identifying market demands and consumer needs, thus guiding product designs to meet customer needs and strive to exceed customer expectation (Flynn et al., 1995). When the customer’s focus is identified, a firm can then mobilize its resources through management leadership to satisfy various customer needs. If SCM is implemented successfully, it will improve the association between upstream suppliers and downstream customers, resulting in amplifying customer satisfaction and firm performance (Kannan and Tan, 2005). On the whole customer satisfaction is the most essential for all the business or organizations. And to be able to create advanced level of customer satisfaction and fulfillment is definitely a competitive advantage or the major element for the entire business stratagem. Company can measure weather the customer expectation is exceeded or decreased by measuring the customer satisfaction or fulfillment (Fornell, 1992; Olsen and Johnson, 2003). The term logistics is originated from the military. Through that perspective it concern with supplying the troops, equipment and supplies in war. This term s then borrowed in industry known as ‘business logistics’. In the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP) defined logistics as the element of Supply Chain Management that plans, implements, and controls the proficient, effectual flow of products and service and its related information between the organization and the customers in order to meet customers requirements.† CSCMP also defined it as â€Å"the management of inventory, at rest or in motion.† It has taken 70 year to fully define the concept of logistic in management (Narasimhan, R. and Kim, S.W 2002). In today’s trend third party logistics service is very important. Due to vast geographical expansion there is a n eed for firms to have logistics processes so that their goods services and sometimes information reach the end user. Many researches are advocating that use of these logistics service providers are increasing. Now days they have became a company like DHL, SDC and FedEx. It has become an industry in the past decade or so. Interestingly 80% of industrial companies outsource their logistic activities and processes. As the firms require transportation, warehousing, on time delivery, administration of orders as well as their tracking, if it is in-house it’s very costly. Langley et al 2007 researched that by outsourcing logistic services result in 60% cost being reduced of their total logistics cost. It is preferred to outsource not only they are cost effective but the firm will share less risk and far more geographical reach. It is because all the above functions are the core areas of the Logistics service companies or providers (Fabbe-Costes et al., 2009). These companies have a lot of interaction with the customers if the company chooses the option of home delivery therefore resulting into an intermediary between the customer and the company (Hertz and Alfredsson, 2003). Therefore it is very important to focus on the performance of logistics. As customer want timely delivery of the requested goods, it is one of the notion from which logistics performance can be judged. Other factors like lead time can also be a performance measurement tool to measure the performance of logistics of a company. It is because lead time is the time for the product to reach its final end user. If logistics is negatively performing it will affect customers suppliers and LSP because it is a shared responsibly (Forslund et al., 2009). It is because. Supplier’s credibility, image and competiveness is on the line, where as LSP’s reputation about timely delivery is at risk. In the end if any one of them is unable to perform, it will result in customer dissatisfaction, c ommitment and loyalty towards the brand â€Å"Logistic is the method of strategically managing the procurement movement, storage of materials, parts and finished inventory ( and related information flows) through the organization and its marketing channels in such a way that current and future profitability are maximized through the cost effective fulfillment of orders.†So in simple words we can say that logistics are the task of coordinating material flow and information flow across the supply chain. Supply chain management contributes both the inbound and at out bound goods and services along with the value chain of networks of firms. It contributes the steps from which goods and services is been supplied from the supplier to the customers. Supply chain management is one of the essential and crucial processes for many companies. And organizations are now a day’s striving to have most optimized supply chain management system because of its competitive advantage (Janvier-James, A.M. 2012) to a certain extent, many people confuse the term logistics with supply chain. In general, logistics refers to the distribution process within the company whereas the supply chain includes multiple companies such as suppliers, manufacturers, and the retailers. Implementing the design of supply chain management in a successful manner reduces expenditure, develops suppleness, increase excellence, and certify satisfaction of customer; consequently built competitive advantage. (Li et al., 2006). In supply chain management the function logistics deals with activities and procedures and measure by which products and services reach to its final customers in the most efficient and cost effective manner. Beside the flow of material it also deals with handling flow of information and financial values in the supply chain in order to fulfill customer requests. In total, inbound and outbound logistics of a company along with external logistics services constitute a market value that ranks logistics clearly among the top business sectors in any industrialized economy Grunow Et al(2012). Therefore logistics is the way from which the firm can be very competitive in the global environment. It is also a source for competitive advantage. Conclusion In the end the above literature review strongly correlate the observation which I had while interview the concerned personal from Dior The importance of a supply chain system to is achieving simultaneously a high level of efficiency, a high level of customer service and the ability to respond effectively to a changing environment. Due to the globalization the competition is between firm and companies are increasing enormously in terms of supply chain. Many factors include in the success of the firm successful strategy supply chain management. Now a day it is tremendously depend on the ability to organize, harmonize and amalgamate the manufacture activities occurring on scattered geographical areas o r physical location of the organizations. In the above literature supply chain trends changed enormously since the 80’s. Those trends were Just in time inventory system, Outsourcing of logistics and collaborative supply chain and lastly application of internet. Dior’s critical and being up to date with the SCM practices and trends led to them being one of the top brands. They are using the above three trends to sustain their elite global status as the one of famous brands in fashion industry. In customer’s perspective, they require quality product with good delivery timelines. From the above literature it is concluded that if you have good supply chain management, you can ensure timely delivery. Dior has done just that by hiring one of the best names in the industry which are SDV and FedEx. They utilize part time sales guys to ensure the best customer service and delivery. Inventory reduction is also a plus point of effective supply chain management. Di or is able to maintain good inventory level so that they ensure high demand items are not out of stock and the product which is over stock, they move to the stores where they are in high demand thus resulting in reduction of overstock inventory and buffer stock for high demand product. They are able to do it because of constant communication between the stores across the country and warehouses. They have opted to use just in time inventory system of Toyota thus being cost and cash sufficient by maintaining sufficient inventory. In this competitive environment where globalization is in effect and markets are geographically expanding, having a sound logistics strategy is a key for competitive advantage. In order for a company to be successful they need to be logistically outclass and can only be done by managing their supply chain effectively and efficiently. The final customer requirements must be kept in mind before developing and creating the logistic strategy. The understanding of the requirements of the customer is really essential in all perspective merely then it is possible to attain the required performance of the firm throughout supply chain. The above assignment clearly supports the notion that how customer focus leads superior supply-chain performance ultimately increasing firm performance as well as the importance of logistics in achieving the customer needs and demands Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Evaluation of Diors Supply Chain Strategy" essay for you Create order

Unit 38 Business and Economic Environment - 4792 Words

Unit 38: Unit code: QCF Level 3: Credit value: Business and the Economic Environment T/502/5500 BTEC National 10 Guided learning hours: 60 Aim and purpose The aim of this unit is to introduce learners to the interaction between the general economic environment and business activity and how the interactions generate national wellbeing. Learners will study how government activities regulate and influence business activities and how business activities influence government action and policy. Unit introduction Businesses operate in an environment shaped by the government. Government seeks to control the general level of prices (inflation), employment levels, economic growth and the balance of payments. A range of techniques is†¦show more content†¦; regional policy; environmental policy 2 Know how government spending impacts on businesses Government spending: public services via central and local government agencies; private and voluntary sector business organisations; deficit funding; government spending and the multiplier mechanism; local impacts of funding; private finance initiatives 3 Understand fiscal and monetary policies and the effects on spending Fiscal policy: direct and indirect taxation; capital allowances; impact of changes on costs, aggregate demand and tax free allowances; potential annual revision; public finances; public sector borrowing; comprehensive spending review; pre-budget report; budget; re-distribution of income Monetary policy: aggregate demand and trading conditions; monetary policy; interest rate changes; inflation, employment levels; investment decisions; impacts of actual and anticipated changes 4 Know how the international economy affects UK businesses and competition European factors: role of European Union (EU); performance of European Union economies; European policies eg agriculture (CAP), business, growth, employment, education, economics and finance, employment, environment, science and technology, regional, external relations, social; the European Monetary Union (EMU) Global factors: World Trade Organisation (WTO); trading blocs; stock market fluctuations; credit availability; global warming; political stability, war; industry-specific developments (oil, gas,Show MoreRelatedUnit 38 Business And Economic Environment P5 M3 European And Global Factors723 Words   |  2 Pagesï » ¿European Global Factors In this report, I will be exploring the European and global factors that occur within the economic environment. The business I have chosen to refer to is L’Oreal. The European Union is a union consisting of 27 countries that have an agreement of free trade. This is when the countries within the EU can trade with each other without any tariffs. They all use the same currency which is Euros apart from the UK and Gibraltar who use GBP (Great British Pound). The advantageRead MoreIas / Ifrs Vs Us Gaap1275 Words   |  6 Pages Brianna Martin May 4, 2016 Dr. Serrano-Garcia ACCT 4270-01 IAS/IFRS vs. US GAAP: IAS 38 IAS 38 is an accounting standard regarding intangible assets. It supplies accounting rules for intangible assets that are purchased, acquired in a business combination, and internally generated. According to Investopedia, intangible assets are nonmonetary assets without a physical presence, that have useful lives greater than one year. This typeRead Moretoys r us critical analysis1122 Words   |  5 PagesToys R Us, Inc. had a decline in revenue for the second quarter with sales of $13.5 billion, down from $14 billion the year before. Its profit dropped to $38 million for the recent year, from $149 million a year earlier. Net sales were $2.4 billion, a decline of $175 million or 6.9% versus the prior year. Toys R Us, Inc. also had an operating loss of $46 million, compared to operating earnings of $43 million in the year earlier, a decrease of $89 million. Overall, Toys R Us reported a loss ofRead MoreApples Strategy and Accounting Essay893 Words   |  4 Pagesreporting analysis of Apple Inc. This analysis comprises of four different aspects of Apple; Apple’s business environment, competitive strategies, economic and human resources in achieving those strategies and the influence of those strategies on Apple’s accounting policy. BODY A business environment encompasses all the factors and conditions that affect an entity’s operation. Apple operates its business on a geographic basis, which includes the Americas, Europe and Japan. America’s represent bothRead MoreEssay about Goodwill Impairment at Jackson Enterprises Case1154 Words   |  5 PagesEnterprises Case 1. When is a company required to perform the two-step test for goodwill impairment? Explain in your own words and provide citation from the ASC. Goodwill is considered impaired when the implied fair value of goodwill in a reporting unit of a company is less than its carrying amount, or book value, including any deferred income taxes. By qualitative factors, if the fair value is less than its book value (likelihood more than 50%), two step of the goodwill impairment test is necessaryRead MoreEconomic Essay 11017 Words   |  5 PagesEconomic Essay 1 Although the people of North and South Korea speak the same language, they have many different ideas and cultures that have developed after the two countries split apart. The market economy of South Korea has done a lot to improve the overall economy of the country, and the gross national product has been on the rise. The economy of North Korea has had many challenges, largely due to the self-reliant and closed economic system that they use. Overall, the government and economyRead MoreStrategic Plan Template1411 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowing three questions. Where are we? (External analysis, internal analysis, and competitive analysis) Where are we going or want to go? (Mission statement, long-term objectives) How do we get there? (Strategy formulation Ââ€" corporate level, business unit level, and functional level) Specificity Ââ€" facts and data Ââ€" are better than general statements. Be as specific as possible in researching all aspects of strategic planning. Personal opinions, beliefs, values, and thoughts are worth littleRead More Doing Business in Italy Essay1029 Words   |  5 Pages Doing business in Italy is very different than in the United States. â€Å"Set to move onto a slow, but steady, path of economic growth;† Italy, at first glance, seems to be a promising business environment with projected increases in GDP per capita in the coming years, according to Business Monitor International (â€Å"Italy Autos Report† 30). However, there are many cultural, administrative, geographic and economic differences that make the business environment much different than that in the US.Read MoreShrm965 Words   |  4 PagesNES cove the following 10 areas: 1.Maximum hours of work: A maximum of 38 ordinary hours of per week. Is Australian standard, these hours may also be average over a period specified by the award or agreement and an employee met request reasonable additional hours. 2.Request for flexible working arrangements: May include changes in hours, patterns and location of work. The employer may refuse these requests on reasonable business grounds. 3.parental leave: Employees with 12 months continuous serviceRead MoreWhat Are The Differences Between A Leader And A Manager Essay1446 Words   |  6 Pagesgood leader is also a good manager; but a good manager is not necessarily a good leader (Yukl, p.6). A manager has his or her eyes focused on the short term, is â€Å"risk-averse†, and values stability. Managers prioritize order and efficiency of the unit. The reason is that the manager is more concerned with processes and procedures of accomplishing tasks. How and when things get done are more of the manager’s scope. People performances and how they can do better for the bottom line of the organization

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Assess the View That Factors Within a School Are the Main...

Over the board, middle class students generally do better than working class students in educational achievement. Some sociologists argue that this is due to three key factors. Labelling, subcultures and marketisation. This focuses on things that occur internally. One of these key factors is labelling. To label someone is to attach a meaning or definition to someone. An example of this would be that teachers often apply labels to students on the basis of their behaviour or appearance. Becker found some evidence behind this after he did some research on high school teachers. He found they would label students according to how closely they fitted the image of the, â€Å"ideal pupil.† Pupils work conduct and appearance were the key factors in†¦show more content†¦Polarisation is the pupil’s response to the streaming. Lacey found that pupils would respond in one of two ways to streaming. This formed two different subcultures which are opposites in terms of their values and attitudes to school and education in general. One of these subcultures is the pro-school subculture. Pupils placed in high streams tend to remain committed to the values of the school. They gain their status in the approved manner, through academic success . Their values are those of the schools. Developing on from this, Woods follows on from Lacey’s theory and suggests there are more than just two responses to labelling and streaming, as in fact there are four. Ingratiation (being teacher’s pet), ritualism (going through motions, staying out of trouble), retreatism (day dreaming and mucking about) and rebellion (outright rebel, nothing the school stands for). It could be argued that retreatism and rebellion type of students form what is called an anti-school subculture. This is a group of pupils who don’t share the school’s values and is limited out academically, so they gain their status is more social ways, e.g, fooling about. In contrast to this, it’s all well saying that students will fall into these subcultures due to labelling and streaming, but this theory can be accused of determinism. Not all teachers label pupils nor do all pupils follow this self-fulfilling prophecy guidance. Some students may refuse to liveShow MoreRelatedCaribbean Studies Syllabus5959 Words   |  24 Pagesthe region. GENERAL OBJECTIVES On completion of this Module, students should: 1. Understand the factors which have shaped Caribbean society and culture; 2. Appreciate how cultural traits evident throughout the region have resulted from Caribbean peoples’ experiences; 3. Understand the common features which exist within Caribbean diversity; 4. Understand the relevance of concepts encountered within the Module, to their own lives and to the lives of their communities SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES StudentsRead MoreFactors Affecting Literature Teaching and Learning in Secondary Schools in Uganda19646 Words   |  79 Pages An Assessment of the Factors Affecting the Quality of Literature in English Teaching and Learning in Secondary Schools in Uganda: A case study of Entebbe Municipality, Wakiso District A Research Dissertation Submitted in partial fulfilment for the Award of the Bachelors Degree in Education of Uganda Martyrs University-Nkozi July 2012 DECLARATION I, HENRY NSUBUGA, do declare that this is my original work, save for the various works I consulted, whose authors I have fullyRead MoreStudy of the Influence of Teacher Effectiveness19283 Words   |  78 PagesCHAPTER ONE 1.1 Background to the study As a teacher in the secondary school system in Nigeria for many years, experience has shown that, there are two categories of teachers – the good or effective teachers, and the bad or ineffective teachers’ observable from among teachers in the school system. The effective teachers are perceived to be fully equipped naturally and professionally to lead their students to success in competitive standardized tests, as well as inculcate in them, values that wouldRead MoreCommunication Studies Syllabus- Caribbean Students12029 Words   |  49 PagesAND COMMUNITY 11 MODULE 3: SPEAKING AND WRITING 20 OUTLINE OF ASSESSMENT 25 REGULATIONS FOR PRIVATE CANDIDATES 36 REGULATIONS FOR RE-SIT CANDIDATES 36 ASSESSMENT GRID 37 GLOSSARY 38 GLOSSARY OF BEHAVIOURAL VERBS USED IN THE COMMUNICATION STUDIES EXAMINATIONS 42 Introduction T he Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination (CAPE) is designed to provide certification of the academic, vocational and technical achievement of students in the Caribbean who, having completedRead MorePerceived Stress and Academic Achievement: a Comparative Analysis of Hostel Students and Day Scholars6272 Words   |  26 PagesIntroduction This research is an attempt to examine the perceived level of stress and academic achievement between boarders and day scholars. Increased technology, more competition, and schedule overload affect the quality of student’s performance due to inability to manage their stress levels. College students may neglect their physical and emotional well being due to pressure to perform well in their classes, and lack of time management and stress management practices.Although proper nutritionRead MoreThe Study of the Factors Influencing Students Attitudes Towards Learning Mathematics in the Junior Secondary School (a Case Study of Bwari Area Council, Fct Abuja)10704 Words   |  43 PagesDo not use this project without my permission! Contact Akogu Abbai David Niger State College of Education, Minna Economics/Mathematics +234-08058455069,08068993106 THE STUDY OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING STUDENTS ATTITUDES TOWARDS LEARNING MATHEMATICS IN THE JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL (A CASE STUDY OF BWARI AREA COUNCIL, FCT ABUJA) CHAPTER ONE 1.0. INTRODUCTION This chapter provides more information on the background to the study. Definition of terms and concepts used will be explained as wellRead MorePsychosocial Factors as Determinants of Students’ Achievement in Senior Secondary School Mathematics12067 Words   |  49 PagesPSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS AS DETERMINANTS OF STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS BY Adekoya Emmanuel Olusegun Abstract This study investigated the influence of psychosocial factors on the achievement secondary school students in mathematics. The variables that were addressed include test anxiety, locus of control, self concept, motivation, study habit and peer influence. The population for the study included all Senior Secondary School 2 (SSS 2) students in Ogun State. TwoRead MoreOffice Administration Thesis11471 Words   |  46 PagesFACTORS RELATED TO DROP OUTS AND PERFORMANCE OF CWTS STUDENTS AT LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY SAN PABLO CITY CAMPUS ACADEMIC YEAR 2010 - 2011 ------------------------------------------------- A Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of the College of Teacher Education Laguna State Polytechnic University San Pablo City Campus San Pablo City ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- In Partial Of Fulfillment Of the RequirementsRead MoreEffect of Broken Home19368 Words   |  78 Pagesby some of the students not only with those in poverty line families but same goes to middle and higher class families. Parents chose to live separately regardless how their children feel and its impact to their lives, however, there are still parents in spite of the situation still supports and care of their children in their studies, and others. It is worthy to note that majority of high school students in the country who got poor or failing grades in their academic subjects came from broken homesRead MoreThe Effect of Student Attitudes and Beliefs on Mathematics Education29432 Words   |  118 PagesIMPACT OF SMASSE INSET ON STUDENTS ATTITUDE AND PERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN KOSOFE DISTRICT BY BERNARD - SAMUEL - CLEMENT MATRIC NO: PT/10/22738 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE NIGERIA CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION (N.C.E) DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER/MATHEMATICS IN ADENIRAN OGUNSANYA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION IJANIKI, OGUDU CAMPUS JUNE 2013 DEDICATION To my God the beginner and the author of my life who made it possible

The Role of Capitalists Essay - 1267 Words

Nick Reynolds 12/4/14 U.S History G Block The Role of Capitalists DBQ Many capitalists worked to shape post Civil War America through building new businesses to employ many people and create new jobs as well as change America through creating new inventions such as a faster and cheaper way of producing steel and discovering the uses and increasing demand for oil. All of these inventions would change America, with the faster and more efficient method of steel production massive skyscrapers rose in the nations great cities and as oil refining rose so did the popularity of the automobile. With these businesses exploding it created many new jobs and allowed for those who controlled these industries to become some of the richest†¦show more content†¦Another time we see these Robber Barons using their money all for themselves is in document F titled, Vanderbilt â€Å"Summer Cottage† showing a massive mansion in Newport Rhode Island. This mansion is enormous and is only used as as a house for a quarter of the year. Vanderbilt spent enormous amounts of money on this mansion that he would barit ely even use instead of using it to raise the pay of his workers or just share with the less fortunate. With all the money he spend on his own pleasure he could have impacted hundreds of lives of those who work for him who struggle every day to allow for him to achieve his fortune. This image of a summer cottage shows how Vanderbilt and the Capitalists of this time were not Captains of industry but infact Robber Barons. In document H Clement Studebaker gives a testimony to the Chicago Conference on Trusts stating, â€Å"No true monopoly is possible in this country except that enjoyed by a virtue of a patent granted by the United States†. This quote suggests that these Robber Barons have partially achieved their fortune through luck as nobody had gotten to the patent before them allowing for them to create a monopoly. The Capitalists if the time should have recognized their luck and allowed for other businesses to start up as theirs had and have a fighting chance instead of destroying the opposition in the fight towards a monopoly.Show MoreRelatedThe Role Of Labor And Its Effects On A Capitalist System1785 Words   |  8 PagesTwo men, or more accurately speaking, two novels separated by nearly a century, both examine the importance of labor and its effects on a capitalist system. Adam Smith published the Wealth of Nations in 1776 in which he detailed his concept of the division of labor; a concept he believed would further the productivity of the labor market. In Capital, Volume 1, published in 1867, Karl Marx took a much different stance on the division of labor. Writing nearly a century after the publication of theRead MoreThe Role Of Labor And Its Effects On A Capitalist System1767 Words   |  8 PagesTwo men, two novels separated by nearly a century, both examine the importance of labor and its effects on a capitalist system. Adam Smith published Wealth of Nations in 1776 in which he details his concept of the division of labor; a concept that he believed would further the productivity of the labor market. In Capital, Volume 1, published in 1867, Karl Marx took a much different stance on the division of labor. Writing nearly a century after the publication of Wealth of Nations, Marx was inRead MoreThe Marxist Concept Of Hegemony As The Role Of The Capitalist Culture And Ideas Greatly Influenced The Work Of3108 Words   |  13 Pagesâ€Æ' 1. The Marxist concept of hegemony as the role of the capitalist culture and ideas greatly influenced the work of Herbert Marcuse. Marcuse uses this concept to explain how culture, ideas, and politics are used to manipulate individuals’ needs in order to fit them into a totalitarian and technical coordination of society. However, Marcuse was critical of capitalism and believed that it was not solely as a source of economic exploitation but rather, as a source of cultural domination. He claimsRead MoreIs Welfare Possible for Marx Under the Capitalist Mode of Production1388 Words   |  6 PagesIn discussing is welfare possible for Marx under the capitalist mode of production there is some debate that the welfare state have been guided through by questions, one is that the salience of the class diminish with the extension of social citizenship? Or can welfare state fundamentally transforms capitalist society? And finally what are the causal forces behind welfare- state development ? (Esping-Andersen, 1989). But as you can guess these questions aren’t recent, as they were established inRead MoreThe Marxist Feminism Theory And The Social System1176 Words   |  5 Pagesand economic theories. It explains gender inequality via the capitalism and social institutions of private property (StudyMode, 2013). Capitalism is a social system (World Socialist Movement, 2014). There are two classes, the capitalist class and working class. The capitalist class is the people who own a business and produce and distribute goods. The working class is the people who use their ability to work and receive a wage or salary in return. Social institutions of private property refer to theRead MoreThe Manifesto Of The Communist Party758 Words   |  4 PagesTheir argument is an important sociological step in social and economic analysis but it fails to provide a convincing account. Marx and Engels provide a telling account of the historical process of economic and social change. They cogently examine the role that the rise of capitalistic markets has had on the social order, exposing the shift of hierarchical distinctions from lord and serf to owner and worker. As Marx and Engels attempt to define the trajectory of history they looks at these issues fromRead MoreStructure Of Modern Times By Charlie Chaplin1574 Words   |  7 PagesHierarchy in a modern capitalist society can be seen in the form of corporations through the capitalist division of labor. In the essay â€Å"What do bosses do? The origins and functions of hierarchy in capitalist production†, Stephen A. Marglin argues that Adam Smith’s capital division of labor was not due to technological efficiency, but rather due to economic superiority created through hierarchy and specialization in the market. Marglin points out the reasons why hierarchy exists, which is to maximizeRead MoreCritiq ue Of Marx s The Capitalist 804 Words   |  4 PagesMARX Thesis: The Capitalist observes the resistance of workers against the unfair lengths of the work day. He comments on the neglectful legislation supposedly providing workers with freedom. Marx outlines the roles of many groups during the time period of The Factory Act including men; children; women; lawmakers; and capitalists. Despite being a capitalist, Marx tends to side with those of the labourers in this section. He finds the controversial idea of the ‘working day’ tedious as he goes throughRead MoreEconomy By J. K. Gibson Graham Essay1450 Words   |  6 Pagesgeographers Katherine Gibson and late Julie Graham under the pen name J.K. Gibson-Graham. The author uses an array of theories from multiple school of thoughts (economics and non-economics) in social science to inform the readers about the capitalist and non-capitalist parts of the economy and ways it can be changed through discourse. The goal of this book is to problematize capitalism as an economic and social descriptor and to create a new, diverse language to describe the economy (2). Capitalism hasRead MoreEssay Marx and His Theory of Alienation636 Words   |  3 PagesCommunism unifies society There are many products of alienation but the main ones are property and industry, which Marx calls alienated life elements (Ollman 483). As we know industry and property are probably the two most important aspects of a Capitalist society. Industry is the most alienating of the life elements. Industry forces men to work and makes their lives miserable. Marx believes that we fulfill ourselves through our work. The need to work is a basic necessity of mankind. Capitalism

Monday, December 9, 2019

Early marriage free essay sample

Every girl has dreams about her wedding day. After all, it is supposed to be one of the most important days of her life. But somehow it is doubtful that somewhere in that dream any girl imagines she would still be an actual child on that day. Yet that is the reality for many child brides in many different parts of the world Despite many countries in Africa enacting marriageable age laws to limit marriage to a minimum age of 16 or 18 depending on the jurisdiction, underage marriages are still very common. Poverty, religion, tradition and conflict make the incidence of child marriage in Sub-Saharan Africa wide spread. In many tribal systems, a man pays a bride price to a girl’s family in order to marry her. Sadly in many parts of Africa, this payment decreases as the girl gets older. Even before puberty, it is common for a married girl to leave her parents to be with her husband. I personally doubt if they are just staying together because they are afraid of the unknown or do they think they’ll never find somebody better? In my opinion you haven’t really experienced life when you go and settle down with somebody you met in High School. In the High School age you are still trying to figure out who you are in life, develop characteristics and are very influential of others. So is it a good idea to decide who you are gonna spend the rest of your life with in a stage of age you are still trying to find yourself? The twenties are dedicated to just you. You go out and travel, explore what you ever dreamt of and live your own life. Of course it is always challenging to be single and go on dates. No doubt about that! But being single and not â€Å"tied down† offer you experiences which enlarge your personal horizon immense. The kinds of different people you meet and experiences you’ll have, if bad or good, will help you figure out who you are and what you want in life and certainly in a relationship. The biggest fear I had if I were married with 21 is what happens if you get divorced. You don’t know a life without the person you met as a teenager and probably can’t imagine anything like that. My personal conviction of not getting married at an early age doesn’t result of that, but it’s definitely scary to devote yourself to somebody in an age where you haven’t explored yourself. I’m personally convinced that I’ll find the right person to marry after intensely living my twenties. And that doesn’t mean that I just want to sleep around 😉 I hope by that time I’ll definitely know what to expect from my partner and be mature enough to decide who is the right one for me. The intention of my opinion is definitely not to disrepect anybody’s lifestyle or marriage. If two people love each other and get married it is one of the most beautiful things! I personally doubt that it is a good decision to get married in an early age, but this is up to everybody themselves of course. Early Marriage free essay sample What do you think about marriage which is one of the most important events of each our life? Throughout the world, marriage has always been regarded as the moment of the celebration and certainly a milestone in the adults life but adversely there is no celebration on early marriages. In many countries, young people between the ages of seven and fifteen are often married to older by the force of their families. What do you think about early marriage? It is a good or bad marriage? Is early marriage more better than marry when we are mature? I think no, marry when we are mature is the better choice than early marriage because we would have enough ability to guarantee the financial for our family, would help our have more time to understand our partners, and we would have more experiences to build better relationship in our life. Firstly, marry when we are mature is better than early marriage because we would have enough ability to guarantee the financial for our family after married. early marriage is an act of getting. Marry at a younger age when the individual is not fully mature to take responsible. Or not reaching the proper adult ageChild marriage is a common practice in many countries around the world, however it is especially prevalent in India, where more than one third of all child brides live. [1] According to UNICEF, 47% of girls are married by 18 years of age, and 18% are married by 15 years of age. [2] These marriages are often performed without the consent of the girls involved in the marriage. Indian law has made child marriage illegal, but it is still widely practiced across the nation. The highest rates are seen particularly in the rural states of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. [3] It affects both boys and girls, but statistics show that girls are far more likely to be forced into a child marriage than boys;[citation needed] however the percentage of girls forced into child marriage in India has declined in recent years. [citation needed] CAUSES EFFECTS Ur young and dont know if thats the first you want to be with this will effect you cus you could have children and after a divorce then you have a broken family and your feel soo much pain cus you. Lose soo much after that and alot of time you get cheated on and things lead up. Young marriages can cause in divorce most of the time because if you are young and get married you dont know fully what love is so later in life that love may disappear. SOLUTION child marriage is increasingly recognized as a serious problem, both as a violation of girls’ human rights and as a hindrance to key development outcomes. As more resources and action are committed to addressing this problem, it becomes important to examine past efforts and how well they have worked. ICRW summarizes a systematic review of child marriage prevention programs that have documented evaluations. Based on this synthesis of evaluated programs, the authors offer an analysis of the broader implications for viable solutions to child marriage. More than 40 per cent of the worlds child marriages take place in India, even though the legal age for wedding is 18. Child marriage is of course banned in India and the Indian government has taken a strong step to tighten laws against child marriage, but unfortunately this custom continues to exist in spite of legal interdictions. The priests, police or local leaders will be jailed and fined if they will be found indulged in this illegal practice. This bill grants protection to many children forced into marriage every year in the rural parts of the country. They are forced to consent with their parents decision or choice. Very often, they are even too young to understand the significance of marriage and do not understand the gravity of the event. Young girls are threatened, bullied, black-mailed and emotionally exploited. In our country where ignorance and poverty are dominating factors, early marriage is often perceived as the only option for girls and is often seen by parents of young girls as a means of securing both their own and their daughters future. The causes and consequences of child marriage are intrinsically linked,including girls lack of autonomy and low levels of education, poor health status, poverty and overall low socioeconomic status. The recent government studies shows that many girls are getting married before 18 in India. Naturally, child marriage causes high rates of maternal mortality and one woman dies every seven minutes in India because of a pregnancy-related cause. Minor girls are abruptly exposed to sex and theyre abused and exploited sexually because when a child bride is married she is likely to be forced into sexual activity with her husband, and at an age where the bride is not physically and sexually mature it causes severe health consequences. It is a huge responsibility for a young girl to become a wife and mother and because girls are not adequately prepared to face these roles which demand a lot of maturity and a big sense of responsibility. Naturally, this heavy burden has a serious impact on their psychological welfare, their perceptions of themselves and also their marital relationship. Women who marry early are more likely to suffer inevitable psychological as well as physical consequences. Studies indicate that women who marry at young ages are more likely to believe that it is sometimes acceptable for a husband to beat his wife, and are therefore more likely to experience domestic violence themselves. Abuse is sometimes perpetrated by the husbands family as well as the husband himself, and girls who enter families as a bride often become domestic slaves for the in-laws and live under a constant threat and pressure. Early marriage has also been linked to wife abandonment and increased levels of divorce or separation. Child brides also face the risk of being widowed by their husbands who are often much older to them or they have an unexpected death. In these instances the young bride is likely to suffer additional discrimination as in Indian culture the young widows are held responsible of the death of their husband and suffer a loss of status and may be ostracized by society and denied property rights. At this modern epoch of 21st century, the truth is bitter. The women remain the first victim of the Indian society which is even today based on rigid traditions, caste system and religious beliefs. Modernity and technological boom is but a superficial progress because the prevailing Indian conditions have not evolved ever since. Theres no distinct progress in rural areas where the majority of the total Indian population lives. The rural population in India comprises the core of Indian society and also represents the real India. Many of Indian population lives in these villages. In such remote areas age old customs and traditional are firmly anchored and in spite of the ban, child marriages are taking place without any restriction or fear. The present condition of the Indian women is rather alarming because it is not normal to face and lead an oppressive life in the 21st century! Besides being caught in child marriages, minor girls and young women are today kidnapped, sexually abused, sold, ill treated, tortured and even killed. To prevent child marriage the government should take radical actions. Most of the population of India lives in rural areas. Hence, the government should develop the rural areas and impart education in remote areas. The Indians who practice child marriage in remote villages or towns must be helped, guided, educated and informed about all the health and psychological problems which follows any child marriage. The government should make education free for children who are below average. So, that parents are encouraged to send their children to schools; especially girl child. The government should also try to uplift the poor conditions of rural people. Mainly because of poverty and lack of education precisely many desperate parents from the poor class get their minor daughters married in return of money as old men pay a considerable sum to achieve young girls. Only when a joint effort is made, will the country rise and prosper, and the worthless customs such as child marriage will cease to exist and happy educated children will make a better future and a healthy nation. HISTORY In the earliest known India young women and men rejoiced the open minded concept of love. They also had the freedom to choose their partner without any fear of disgraceful event. However, from Middle Age, as states and government developed, the political system modified the Indian society gradually . In this modified society; women lost their rights and had to obey rules and respect the code of behaviour. Since young women were considered irresponsible and illogical in love, parents married them early before they got caught in disgraceful event. Age at which the girl was to be married differed and it was rare for girls younger than 12 to be married in ancient times. Nevertheless brides became younger towards the medieval period, and it became increasingly common for girls as young as 6 or 8 to be married as Indian society. It was believed during those times that if two persons know each other right from childhood it enhanced understanding and affection. Hence, parents decided on the marriages of their children at a very early age although the daughter stayed with her parents until she attained the age of puberty.

Circulatory System Process of Hot Inflamed Toe Sample

Whenever a patient comes with a hot inflamed toe, this implies that the level of uric acid is extremely high in the blood. In general, liver metabolizes uric acid in a human body and it is thrown out of body by kidney in the form of urine. But sometimes what happens is that the amount of uric acid formed is too high that the amount eliminated is not sufficient. Therefore, inflammatory and chemical mediators that are released from tissues that get damaged result in hot inflamed toe. Some of the classic clinical symptoms of hot inflamed toe are rubor (redness), calor (heat), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain) and loss of toe functionality (Brynie, 2001). Circulatory system contributes a lot to these symptoms. Circulatory system plays an important role in cases where injury has occurred as heat and redness results from large amount of blood that gets accumulated in injured area. Circulatory system positively facilitates large amount of blood flow into the injured tissue so that healing process can begin. Inflammation facilitates removal of harmful mediators and this encourages healing process. This inflammatory response is an assortment of overlapping events that are increase in flow of blood, accumulation of fluids in tissues, leucocytes migration, pain, increase in core temperature and suppuration (Brynie, 2001). The injured tissue results in hot inflamed toe that initiates the process of inflammation by expansion and swelling of toe and surrounding areas. This process activates the circulatory system as white blood cells and blood starts getting accumulated in the injured tissue and results into symptoms like redness, pain, heat and swelling. This happens to be the internal response of the system. It has also been noticed that in some cases aching and burning in toes might happen as a response to heightened activity of circulation system (Brynie, 2001). The arterioles and local capillaries that supply the blood into damaged areas get dilated that affects to an increase in flow of blood into the injured site. This is known as process of vasodilation which involves relaxation of smooth muscles surrounding terminal arterioles and resulting in increase in flow of blood. Then the permeability of endothelial linings of capillaries gets increased (Brynie, 2001). Leucocytes also migrate between the endothelial cells and get entered into inflamed tissue. This allows the damaged tissue to generate heat and contributes to warmth in local areas. This happens due to the fact that chemical and inflammatory mediators get released locally into the injured areas. This increase in flow of blood increases the supply of oxygen and other nutrients required for healing and increased intracellular activities accompanying inflammation. The increase in blood flow causes reddening and temperature rise in injured area and contributes to edema and swelling associated with inflammation. This will effect in suffering in the form of pain. This happens by pressure on nerve endings from interstitial fluids along with the impact of some chemical and inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins and substance P causing pain (Bottomley, 2007).

Monday, December 2, 2019

Welfare Toil and Trouble Essay Example For Students

Welfare: Toil and Trouble Essay Welfare: Toil and TroubleMillions of Americans are signed up for welfare; the program designed toaid poor and needy families. Unfortunately, it has now become a way of life formany. Many argue that welfare is not destroying our culture and creating adependent people who have learned to abuse certain privileges that come withliving in America, but history has proven that this is not true. Last August, when President Clinton signed the welfare reform bill, hesaid Today, we are taking a historic chance to make welfare what it was meantto be: a second chance, not a way of life. Welfare was designed to give aboost to the poor-to help struggling families make it through the year whilethey got back on their feet. What it has become is a target for gluttonousmothers and others who have no values. Many mothers who are on welfare havebecome used to it, and instead of using the money and aid to stay alive whilethey look for a job, they are sitting at home waiting by the mailbox for thenext check to come in. In the meantime, many mothers are having more kids,because-more kids, more welfare money. These women relish the thought ofgetting free money in the mail-for doing absolutely nothing. We will write a custom essay on Welfare: Toil and Trouble specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Welfare is destroying out culture. Many argue that welfare is necessaryfor many families, and that it must not be cut. Some argue that it is givingstarving families the boost they need to make it one more year. This is onlypartially true. Yes, we need welfare, but we also need to limit the amount oftime a family can stay on it. By letting families stay on welfare for extendedperiods of time, we are only creating a lazy, dependent culture. Mothers figurethat the welfare check will come in the mail, so wheres the motivation forgoing out and getting a job? There isnt one. This is why President Clintonsigned the welfare reform bill. He knows that the welfare laws need to berefined, and he has chosen himself as the apostle for this chore. Many people are abusing welfare in more ways than one. The most commonform of welfare abuse is just staying on it too long, and using it as an income,instead of a boost. There are worse cases, though, which clearly show the needfor reform. Many mothers are using welfare as an income, and using the moneyfor purposes other than survival. Many are using the money to buy drugs. Inevitably, these drugs lead to an even more destructive way of life. Many ofthese moms become even more promiscuous, having babies for the money that willbe added to her monthly check. Welfare is destroying our society. It is creating and encouraging aslothful and idle culture, and it needs to stop. In the past, honest,hardworking people who just needed a push used welfare. Quickly though, welfarehas become something that too many depend on. Many of the families on welfareare poor and lazy. Satisfied with their monthly check, many of the recipientsuse it as their only form of income, and do nothing else. The government isonly encouraging and enabling their idleness by paying these people to sitaround doing nothing. These people, if not for the welfare reform bill, wouldhave spent their lives avoiding work for as long as the government would allow,which is usually a lifetime. An example of this idleness is Eulalia Rodriquez. This Jezebel, who calls herself Rodriguez, has been on welfare for twenty-sixyears, has fourteen children on welfare, seventy-four grandchildren and fifteengreat-grandchildren. Rodriguez is sick of people criticizing her for being onpublic assistance. Im sick of people acting like Im some kind of crook. .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc , .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .postImageUrl , .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc , .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc:hover , .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc:visited , .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc:active { border:0!important; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc:active , .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u425a8dc3ea8be1a8278cbabfbce618fc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Devil and Daniel Webster Movie EssayWeve got a lot of kids to feed. She failed to mention the fact that she livesin a six-bedroom, three-story apartment nestled in a gated Boston communitycalled Harbor Point. Whats worse, these people even have the nerve to complain,whining about how the minimum wage is too low, and that the jobs offered have nodignity. The nerve. Then there are the immigrants. Not the immigrants who come to Americalooking for freedom and a new life-Im talking of the ones who invade ourbeaches and our borders, and head straight for the welfare sign up desk. Thesepeople suck up tax dollars from the honest and hard working, and give thesociety nothing in return. No more. These people will all be cut off with thenew bill. The greedy mothers, the lazy families, the leeching immigrants-they allsignal that we need to change the system. So we begin anew. Starting over witha new plan, and a new attitude, destined to succeed, and not likely to fail. No,it is not harsh or discriminating, and yes, it is very necessary. Business

The Hunger Games and Oryx and Crake Essay Example

The Hunger Games and Oryx and Crake Essay Throughout this semester, we have read many novels that are classified under the dystopian genre. A favorite of mine is Margaret Atwoods Oryx and Crake. This book starts off very confusing and it takes awhile to connect with the book. In the beginning, I wasn’t able to understand what was happening with the storyline, especially who Jimmy/Snowman was, but once getting into the book it became very interesting. You could tell right off that something was off with the society and after continuing to read it became more scary and uncomfortable, similar to another book we read during this course; The Hunger Games, by Suzanne Collins. In The Hunger Games, the main protagonist is Katniss Everdeen and she is living in a futuristic version of today’s North America. This new society is called Panem and is divided into 12 districts and the Capitol, which rules over the districts. The Capitol is the leader and contains the power to control everyone and keep the citizens afraid in order to keep control. Each year there is an annual event held where two tributes (one male and one female) from each district is randomly chosen to participate in the Hunger Games. Although the two novels concepts and storylines are completely different, there are similar themes that overlap. Both of these books are post-apocalyptic novels set in the undetermined future. The societies in both are very different than what we are used to today, they are very frightening and have us questioning what our future is going to look like. I think what makes us think of these societies as alarming is not that they are cruel We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Games and Oryx and Crake specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Games and Oryx and Crake specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Hunger Games and Oryx and Crake specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer but that they are not all that far away from where we are heading today. It may be far off but either of these societies can easily become our reality in the future. The idea of love and desires is apparent in both novels. In The Hunger Games, Katniss struggles between the characters Peeta (who is in the games with her) and Gale (who she left back in D

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Geography of Beauty

Geography of Beauty It is a common English idiom to say that beauty is in the eyes of the beholder, but perhaps it is more accurate to say that beauty is in the geography, as cultural ideals of beauty vary drastically by region. Interestingly, the local environment seems to play an important role in what is seen as beautiful. Large Beauties Extreme forms of this practice include sending young girls to fattening farms, called gavages, alluding to their unfortunate similarity to French farms where geese are forcibly fed via sausage stuffers to create foie gras. Today, food is considerably less scarce, leading to many morbidly obese women in Mauritania. As Western media continues to infiltrate Mauritanian society, cultural preferences for large women are dying out in exchange for a slimmer Western ideal. Although Mauritania is an extreme example, this idea that large women are beautiful women are seen in other regions of the world where food is scarce, and populations are susceptible to famine, such as Nigeria and rainforest cultures. Flawless Skin Perhaps the most shocking facet of East Asian beauty is the fact that the male cosmetic industry is booming. In a society where flawless skin is considered an indicator of social success, South Korean males spend more on skin and makeup products that any other male population in the world. According to the Associated Press, this years male South Korean beauty industry is expected to gross over US $850 million. The trend for more feminine and pretty males in South Korea seems to be the result of an influx of Japanese cultural goods that portray male figures as romantic and effeminate. Skin Lightening With the southern portion of India residing in the Tropic of Cancer, Indias close proximity to the equator has resulted in the characteristically dark skin tone of its citizens. Indias infamous caste system, although based on birth and occupation, placed that vast majority of those with extremely dark skin into the lowest caste, classifying them as undesirables or untouchables. Although today the caste system is outlawed and it is prohibited to discriminate against someone based on his or her caste, the widespread beauty ideal of light skin is a subtle reminder of darker days. To feed this cultures obsession with light skin tones, a huge industry dedicated to lightening and skin bleaching creams flourishes in India. Light of My Eyes These coverings leave the eyes at the focus of the females face, or in more extreme communities; only the eyes are left uncovered. These cultural and religious norms have led many predominantly Islamic countries to focus on eyes as the epitome of beauty. This fixation of eyes is an integral part of Arabic culture. Many idioms of the Arabic language center on the eyes, for example, the Arabic equivalent of responding My pleasure when asked to do a favor roughly translates to By the light of your eyes I will do it. As Islam spread throughout the Middle East and into South Asia and Africa, it brought with it modesty practices for women such as the hijab and burka. With these new cultural norms, eyes likewise became the focal point of beauty in many of these cultures. In addition, khol is an ancient eye cosmetic used not only in the Middle East but also in Africa and South Asia. It is said that it was worn around the eye to protect from vision damage from the suns harsh rays, as these areas where khol is used regularly are very near to the equator and thus receive a lot of direct energy from the sun. Eventually, khol became used as an ancient form of eyeliner and mascara to line and accentuate the eyes. It is still used in many places today. What is beautiful is often not exactly a universal concept. What is seen as beautiful and attractive in one culture is seen as unhealthy and undesirable in another. Like so many other topics, the question of what is beautiful is intricately intertwined with geography.

Sociolinguistics - Language, Dialects and Society

Sociolinguistics - Language, Dialects and Society Language is central to social interaction in every society, regardless of location and time period. Language and social interaction have a reciprocal relationship: language shapes social interactions and social interactions shape language. What is Sociolinguistics? Sociolinguistics is the study of the connection between language and society and the way people use language in different social situations. It asks the question, How does language affect the social nature of human beings, and how does social interaction shape language? It ranges greatly in depth and detail, from the study of dialects across a given region to the analysis of the way men and women speak to each other in certain situations. The basic premise of sociolinguistics is that language is variable and ever-changing. As a result, language is not uniform or constant. Rather, it is varied and inconsistent for both the individual user and within and among groups of speakers who use the same language. People adjust the way they talk to their social situation. An individual, for instance, will speak differently to a child than he or she will to their college professor. This socio-situational variation is sometimes called register and depends no only on the occasion and relationship between the participants, but also on the participants’ region, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, and gender. One way that sociolinguists study language is through dated written records. They examine both hand-written and printed documents to identify how language and society have interacted in the past. This is often referred to as historical sociolinguistics: the study of the relationship between changes in society and changes in language over time. For example, historical sociolinguists have studied the use and frequency of the pronoun thou in dated documents and found that its replacement with the word you is correlated with changes in class structure in 16th and 17th century England. Sociolinguists also commonly study dialect, which is the regional, social, or ethnic variation of a language. For example, the primary language in the United States is English. People who live in the South, however, often vary in the way they speak and the words they use compared to people who live in the Northwest, even though it is all the same language. There are different dialects of English, depending on what region of the country you are in. What Sociolinguists Study Researchers and scholars are currently using sociolinguistics to examine some interesting questions about language in the United States: There is vowel shift occurring in the North, in which pattered alterations to vowels is occurring in certain words. For example, many people in Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, and Chicago are now pronouncing bat like bet and bet like but. Who is changing the pronunciation of these vowels, why are they changing it, and why/how is it spreading?What parts of African American Vernacular English grammar are being used by white middle-class teenagers? For example, white adolescents might compliment a peer’s clothes by saying, she money, a phrase associated with African Americans.What will be the impact on language in Louisiana due to the loss of monolingual French speakers in the Cajun region of Southern Louisiana? Will the French features of language be sustained even when these French speakers are gone?What slang terms do younger generations use to show their affiliation with certain subgroups and to distinguish themselves from their parents’ generation? For example, in the ea rly 2000s, teenagers described things that they enjoyed as cool, money, tight, or sweet, but definitely not swell, which is what their parents would have said when they were teenagers. Which words are pronounced differently according to age, gender, socioeconomic status, or race/ethnicity? For instance, African Americans often pronounce certain words differently than whites. Likewise, some words are pronounced differently depending on whether the person speaking was born after World War II or before.Which vocabulary words vary by region and time, and what are the different meanings associated with certain words? For example, in Southern Louisiana, a certain breakfast dish is often called lost bread while in other parts of the country, it is called French toast. Similarly, which words have changed over time? Frock, for instance, used to refer to a woman’s dress, while today frock is rarely used. Sociolinguists study many other issues as well. For instance, they often examine the values that hearers place on variations in language, the regulation of linguistic behavior, language standardization, and educational and governmental policies concerning language. References Eble, C. (2005). What is Sociolinguistics?: Sociolinguistics Basics. pbs.org/speak/speech/sociolinguistics/sociolinguistics/.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Factors That Affect the Chemical Reaction Rate

Factors That Affect the Chemical Reaction Rate Its useful to be able to predict whether an action will affect the rate at which a chemical reaction proceeds. Several factors can influence the chemical reaction rate. In general, a factor that increases the number of collisions between particles will increase the reaction rate and a factor that decreases the number of collisions between particles will decrease the chemical reaction rate. Concentration of Reactants A higher concentration of reactants leads to more effective collisions per unit time, which leads to an increased reaction rate (except for zero-order reactions.) Similarly, a higher concentration of products tends to be associated with a lower reaction rate. Use the partial pressure of reactants in a gaseous state as a measure of their concentration. Temperature Usually, an increase in temperature is accompanied by an increase in the reaction rate. Temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of a system, so higher temperature implies higher average kinetic energy of molecules and more collisions per unit time. A general rule for most (not all) chemical reactions is that the rate at which the reaction proceeds will approximately double for each 10Â °C increase in temperature. Once the temperature reaches a certain point, some of the chemical species may be altered (e.g., denaturing of proteins) and the chemical reaction will slow or stop. Medium or State of Matter The rate of a chemical reaction depends on the medium in which the reaction occurs. It may make a difference whether a medium is aqueous or organic; polar or nonpolar; or liquid, solid, or gaseous. Reactions involving liquids and especially solids depend on the available surface area. For solids, the shape and size of the reactants make a big difference in the reaction rate. Presence of Catalysts and Competitors Catalysts (e.g., enzymes) lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction and increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. Catalysts work by increasing the frequency of collisions between reactants, altering the orientation of reactants so that more collisions are effective, reducing intramolecular bonding within reactant molecules, or donating electron density to the reactants. The presence of a catalyst helps a reaction to proceed more quickly to equilibrium. Aside from catalysts, other chemical species can affect a reaction. The quantity of hydrogen ions (the pH of aqueous solutions) can alter a reaction rate. Other chemical species may compete for a reactant or alter orientation, bonding, electron density, etc., thereby decreasing the rate of a reaction. Pressure Increasing the pressure of a reaction improves the likelihood reactants will interact with each other, thus increasing the rate of the reaction. As you would expect, this factor is important for reactions involving gases, and not a significant factor with liquids and solids. Mixing Mixing reactants increases their ability to interact, thus increasing the rate of a chemical reaction. Summary of Factors The chart below is a summary of the main factors that influence the reaction rate. There is typically a maximum effect, after which changing a factor will have no effect or will slow a reaction. For example, increasing temperature past a certain point may denature reactants or cause them to undergo a completely different chemical reaction. Factor Affect on Reaction Rate temperature increasing temperature increases reaction rate pressure increasing pressure increases reaction rate concentration in a solution, increasing the amount of reactants increases the reaction rate state of matter gases react more readily than liquids, which react more readily than solids catalysts a catalyst lowers activation energy, increasing reaction rate mixing mixing reactants improves reaction rate

How a Daughter Grieves the Loss of a Mother

How a Daughter Grieves the Loss of a Mother A son’s a son till he takes a wife, a daughter’s a daughter for the rest of her life. By and large, this old folk saying still rings true. Generally, young men are raised to become autonomous beings, and the act is regarded as mandatory to their adult development. On the other hand, young women are raised to become moms themselves and remain close to their mothers, setting off what many psychologists maintain is the most intense relationship in a woman’s life. The mother-daughter bond is essential, and 80-90 percent of women report good relationships with their mothers during their midlife, despite wanting an even stronger relationship. What Happens When a Mother Passes When her mother dies, the adult daughter loses her security touchstone. As long as her mother is alive, even if she’s halfway across the country, she’s often only a phone call away. Even if a daughter doesn’t always reach out to her mother when she has a problem, knowing her mother is around can be reassuring. Alternatively, when mom dies, the daughter is starkly alone. Women with close mother-daughter relationships may feel the loss more acutely, but the dynamics are the same for women who report conflicted relationships with their mothers- there is a prevailing tendency to feel unmoored. According to a 2016 article by psychologist Susan Campbell, 92% of daughters say that their relationship with their mother is positive, and over half of women say their mother was more influential than their father. Coping With a Mother Who Has Died Many adult daughters hold a story of their mothers that is based more on the daughters’ wounded memories than on the real truth of their mothers’ lives. For the brave at heart, the immediate aftermath of a mother’s death can be an opportunity for a more objective, compassionate understanding of her and, in turn, a resolution of long-standing differences. Clues to a mother’s true narrative can be found by listening attentively to stories told at the funeral, studying her letters and personal writings, and reviewing her choice of reading materials and entries in her calendar. Even the contents of her closet can help to fill in the gaps of her life. Daughters can take this time to learn more about their mother, and cope with the grief by expressing their feelings, remembering and cherishing their mom, and allowing themselves to grieve properly. Learning About Mom Through Memories Often, there can be a real disparity between a mother’s public self and her private self, or the one portrayed in the family. Many women lead much more accomplished lives than their mothers, which can mask their gifts. A mother’s death can be an excellent time to revisit her teachings. For example, Hillary Clinton’s mother, Dorothy Rodham, was cast off by her parents and sent to live with harsh grandparents. She never got the opportunity to attend college, but when Hillary phoned home from Wellesley, worried that she wouldn’t make the grade, Dorothy encouraged her to stick it out, something she had learned the hard way. Theres no doubt that Hillary Clinton’s reputation as a tenacious candidate and negotiator owes a lot to her mother’s support. Embedded in this example is the knowledge that mothers want the best for their daughters. We can return the favor by rediscovering our mother’s stories and honoring them.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Places Where I Do Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Places Where I Do Research - Essay Example The public library that I have been for research is at (supply the name of the public library near you). It also has an extensive collection of books but I am quite uncomfortable with the place because I am not familiar with it not to mention that everybody is a stranger. Since the school library is located in the campus of the university where I attend, all of the people there are also students like me. I know many of them who frequents there either as friend, classmates or acquiantances. The others are familiar to me by face because we have already met in the campus although we do not know each other personally. The distribution of the people who goes to my school library can be said to be homogenous and heterogenous. Homogenous because all of them are students of the same school I attend. It can also be heterogeneous because as a people, there are quite a variety of them. There are men, women, caucasian, hispanics, asians, blacks who goes there. The kind of information they resear ch also varies depending on the course they are taking. Just like me, they also have choices to research on other places such as public library or even the internet. With regard to the public library, my observation is that almost all people there are strangers and that includes me. There were only very few ocassion where I observed that people know each other there. Perhaps due to the nature of library being public, that anybody can go there so its readership base is not only confined to a small group of people that knows each other. For me, I cannot establish any homogeneity among those who frequents in a public library. Everybody is just different because the people who goes there comes from different walks of life unlike in the school library where the people who goes there are only my fellow students and professors. The interactions of people who goes to in these two places are very different even if they are the same library. In the school library, you can observe that the stu dents who goes there are very comfortable with the place as what I can observe in their body language. Body language is an accurate determinant of a person’s connection with a place as Eckartsberg explained in his study that â€Å"by means of his body and through the specialized perceiving sensibilities of his body, a person is continuously connected with aspects of his world† (256). The way they sit, browse through the aisles, walk, place there books on the table etch speaks of their familiarity of the place. There is also a sense of community in the school library, where we recognize each other by subtle body language (like smile and a hello) those who comes in our path. It can also be categorized as cordial especially if friends meet there (although it is not really a place for socialization). Even the staffs are known to us that asking them about a particular book or journal is very easy. Also, if most of the seats are occupied that there can be no seat apart from each student, I can always sit beside a fellow student where I am typically welcomed by a smile. I have not done this in a public library and made sure that there are several seats apart between me and the closest researcher because I do not know how the other people will react if I will sit close to him or her. I have this feeling that if I will sit beside a fell

Social Policy in Healthcare of Germany and France Essay - 1

Social Policy in Healthcare of Germany and France - Essay Example Apart from this, the essay will also discuss the key characteristics of the social policies with respect to the aforementioned two countries. On a further note, the essay will relate to the implications of the healthcare policies with respect to France and Germany. Furthermore, the social policy field i.e. healthcare would be analyzed from the perspective of two comparative perspectives i.e. convergence/functionality and path dependency/institutionalist. The healthcare policies are formulated with the sole intention of providing the society with better the  healthcare prospects. The approaches with respect to healthcare services generally include proper financing framework and effective governmental regulations (Mahmud & Parkhurst, 2007). In relation to determining the key characteristics of German healthcare system in recent years, it can be apparently observed that the system has undergone massive changes with the aim of developing the healthcare reforms and regulations. These changes being executed in an effective manner would certainly assist the government in reducing the ‘Spiralling costs’ that are associated with the healthcare reforms. In Germany, it has been often observed that the individuals who earn below â‚ ¬49,500 are usually provided with the benefit of ‘statutory health insurance scheme’ (SHI). Apart from the insurer, the SHI scheme provides coverage to the insurer’s dependence al so. Germany’s social insurance system was established in the year 1883. In this respect, there exist few principles related to health care policies in Germany. These principles being identified as solidarity, subsidiarity, and corporatism (Reibling, 2010) The principle of solidarity signifies taking responsibilities by the governments of helping the society at large in terms of indulging into the conduct of various initiatives. It is worth mentioning that these funds are basically financed through the payroll taxes.

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Detection, Control And Prevention Of Rape Term Paper

Detection, Control And Prevention Of Rape - Term Paper Example Rape-related incidents or sexual assaults are taking place not only in open societies but in closed societies like prisons or correctional facilities also. Kaiser & Stannow have pointed out that â€Å"more than 216,600 people were sexually abused in prisons and jails and, in the case of at least 17,100 of them, in juvenile detention. Overall, that’s almost six hundred people a day—twenty-five an hour†. In fact, many of the criminals believe that rape or sexual abuse is part of their prison life and it cannot be avoided, even though rape in prisons was prevented by the 2003 Prison Rape Elimination Act. In short, rape is a social evil which should be detected, controlled and prevented by implementing stiff laws against rape.Detection, control, and prevention of rapeDetection of rape crimes is important in taking preventive measures. In some countries or cultures, victims often try to hide their bitter experiences because of the fear of consequences from the society . In male-dominated societies, females have many things to lose than males, in rape cases. They may face social isolation, harassing, teasing etc. In order to avoid such things, victims quite often try to hide the rape attempts made by the males. The failure of victims in reporting their bitter experiences related to rape, encourage the offenders further and they will repeat their activities again and again. There are many rape cases reported from different countries in which the offender was none other than the father himself.... l abuse is part of their prison life and it cannot be avoided, even though rape in prisons was prevented by the 2003 Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA). In short, rape is a social evil which should be detected, controlled and prevented by implementing stiff laws against rape. Detection, control and prevention of rape Detection of rape crimes is important in taking preventive measures. In some countries or cultures, victims often try to hide their bitter experiences because of the fear of consequences from the society. In male dominated societies, females have many things to loss than males, in rape cases. They may face social isolation, harassing, teasing etc. In order to avoid such things, victims quiet often try to hide the rape attempts made by the males. The failure of victims in reporting their bitter experiences related to rape, encourage the offenders further and they will repeat their activities again and again. There are many rape cases reported from different countries in w hich the offender was none other than the father himself. In such cases, the victim (female children) will not disclose their experience most of the times because of their fear of their father. â€Å"In one study, seventy-four percent of women who had intercourse before age fourteen and sixty percent of those who had sex before age fifteen report having had a forced sexual experience (Colb, 2004, p.2). The above statistics show the depth of the problem quiet clearly. It is an accepted fact that teenagers are vulnerable to sex related crimes than adults because of various reasons. Molesting a teenager is easy than molesting an adult because of genetic or psychological reasons. Teenage is a period during which sex hormones develop rapidly and therefore teenagers have a strong desire for sexual

Do Smartphones Benefit Classroom Learning or Not Essay

Do Smartphones Benefit Classroom Learning or Not - Essay Example Many governments in the world today have acknowledged the importance of technology by either including it as a subject in its own right in the curriculum, or stressing its importance as a set of cross-curricular skills, usually ICT. Technology allows information to be presented more accurately and more attractively than by most traditional means, so that it engages the attention of the user. Despite having its benefits technology has its disadvantages and many people have pointed at them as reasons why smart phones are not good for class room learning (Academic Conferences Limited and Balcaen 159). The use of smart phones in classroom learning has its failures and benefits at the same time (Winebrenner and Brulles 214). However, the benefits certainly outweigh the failures. This paper supports the use of smart phones in class room learning by arguing on its benefits against its failures. The term smart phone is generally used to refer to more advanced cellular phone, whose capabiliti es outdo those of feature phones. Smartphones are primarily communication devices, but today, their functions have increased. Many schools today allow students to use their smart phones or other handled devices in the classroom. One thing people should not forget is that smart phones are not limited to classroom learning, but can also be used to do further research after class, making them very beneficial to learning. For example, smart phones have software’s such as cameras, which are extremely helpful for creating digital projects. Students today are always finding ways to get connected. For example, children of all ages now know how to use smartphones more than their parents. Research has shown that even at the age of three, some children learn how to use their parent’s smart phones. The Benefits of using Smart Phones for Classroom Learning There are many benefits that come with using smart phones in classroom learning. These include: a. Reducing boredom in classroo m learning People have argued that though smart phones reduce boredom in classes by making learning lively, students in this new age are highly motivated by technology and thus, tend to be very mischievous when the class is still in session. They tend to log-in social sites and instead of concentrating in class they, are busy exchanging non-educational materials leading to poor performance in academics Davies and Eynon point out that â€Å"opportunities to continue out-of-school uses of technology when in school have been limited or non-existent until quite recently for most young people† (1931). However, many are times that teachers look for ways to inspire or motivate learners in class. For example, one will find them opening doors and windows, also engaging the learners in singing so as to make them want to learn. Technology and in this case smartphones can play a key part in achieving this easily. It is very evident of how children of this new age are motivated easily by technology. A research done in 2006 suggested that â€Å"technology can have a positive impact on pupil’s levels of concentration, self-confidence, self-esteem, independence, and behavior† (Waugh and Jolliffe n.p.). b. Smart phones provide access to the curriculum for children with special educational needs Smart phones and especially those used by special needs learners, like any technology, are not cheap to purchase. In some schools, they are limited in meeting the needs of each and every student. This does not make learning any simple for such people, but rather, complicates their lives more and at the end, their goals are not achieved. Despite this, smart phones have

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Ducati Solution Essay Example for Free

Ducati Solution Essay Issues/Challenges Today, Ducati is one of the most successful motorcycle companies in the world with a dramatic profit growth since 1996. Before its huge success, Ducati was one step away from facing bankruptcy. Ducati managed to overcome such an obstacle through strong innovation and culture. Today, Ducati is faced with another challenge that may bring fortune to the company if successfully managed. Ducati set a new goal, which is to sustain the explosive double-digit profit growth in the next decade and eventually reach Harley Davison’s profit level. Ducati is considering attacking Harley Davidson by entering the cruiser market, which is Harley Davidson’s niche product and also a very profitable market segment in the industry. To do this, Ducati must invest 17 million Euro and cost of 26 million Euro. Based on this huge capital requirement, should Ducati enter the new market segment or should Ducati just concentrate on its current segment? If Ducati chooses to enter the cruiser market, what are other requirements besides the capital? Does Ducati have what it takes to succeed in the new market segment? The purpose of this memo is to help the executives of Ducati to make the optimum decision for Ducati’s future success. This memo contains the industry analysis, as well as an internal strategic analysis, company performance, and solutions and recommendations. This industry is divided into 4 segments. Ducati’s dominating segment is the sport sector. Ducati managed to utilize its differentiation strategy by taking into account of the industry’s driving forces. The cruiser segment is one sector that Ducati is very interested in entering. Unfortunately, Bert’s consulting concluded that this is not the best option through the feasibility analysis. The analysis contains the advantages and disadvantages of both options and the result was that the disadvantages outweighed the advantages. Also, entering the cruiser market is not really necessary for Ducati based on its current performance level. Industry analysis Although the number of motorcycle manufacturers has declined by a large number over the last century, competition exists among companies from different continents. Currently, all major manufacturers are from Japan, The U. S. , and Europe. The motorcycle industry is segmented into four categories: off-road, cruisers, touring and sport bikes, each of them with different qualities and target customers. Industry forces Economic condition is one of the major factors that drive the industry. This is an important factor because depending on the condition of the economy buyers’ demand will change. For example, when the economy stays strong, more people will buy the product while less people will buy when there is an economic downturn. The reason for this is because motorcycles are products that are not really necessary to possess in life. In other words, they are luxury goods. During the economic downturns, people become price sensitive and they could simply choose not to buy the product or find a substitute such as public transportation or vehicles that can hold more passengers. Therefore, the threat of substitute is very high. Motorcycles, like any type of automobiles, are a source of transportation, except they are luxury products. Companies in this industry compete with differentiation strategy rather than low cost strategy, meaning that companies focus on the quality of the product rather than low price. As long as the economy stays healthy, high income consumers will always buy the product no matter how much it costs. Another key factor is to understand the target market. As mentioned earlier, the motorcycle industry can be segmented into 4 categories. â€Å"A wide variety of individuals, with equally different tastes, bought and rode motorcycles† (Gavetti, pg 2). Each segment has certain qualities that attract different customers with different preferences. The riders can also be categorized into different types just as the motorcycles and they are â€Å"knee down†, â€Å"easy-riders†, â€Å"weekend riders†, and â€Å"highway riders. Different qualities include performance, functionality, lifestyle, and comfort. Riders choose their motorcycle based on which qualities they are attracted to. Motorcycles are not standardized products. They are highly differentiated products and they are not items that can be bought in large volume. For this reason, the power of buyers is relative low. Also, since the majority of buyers are not price sensitive, switching to different vendors is fairly easy. Prices do not affect the buyers in this industry because the buyer heavily demands quality over price. For example, if a new company comes up with a model with the best quality, the buyers will still switch to the new company no matter how expensive the new product is. This is the point where strong rivalry comes into play. All competitors have the same objective, which is to attract as many customers as they can by providing quality products. Although their objective is the same, each competitor follows their objective with their own unique strategies. Since customers can easily be attracted with innovative products, the rivalry in this industry is very high. One of the most important drivers of the industry is strong innovation. Technology advancement is very critical in this industry. Companies heavily invest a large portion of their revenues into research and development to create innovative technologies that differentiate themselves from competitors. This is very important in strengthening their name brands. Major companies used their early technology inventions as their foundation, and built up to an even higher level. Due to strong innovative thoughts, â€Å"motorcycles’ performance, comfort, reliability, and ease of maintenance had improved vastly† (Gavetti, pg 3). Due to very high capital requirement, strong innovative thoughts, and numerous large size competitors, the entry barrier is very high. Also, to be able to compete with these companies, new entrants must design a complex but efficient supply chain system for the manufacturing process. Motorcycle manufacturers rely heavily on the suppliers for quality input and satisfying delivery. â€Å"Outsourcing minimized fixed asset investment, but the quest for quality, reduced costs, and responsiveness to market fluctuations forced final assemblers to create strong commitment at the level of suppliers† (Gavetti, pg 3). To create high quality output at a lower fixed investment, it is very important for the manufacturers to maintain a good relationship with the suppliers. Also, as mentioned earlier, motorcycles are not standardized products, but differentiated products. This means that the components of the motorcycles are also quality inputs provided by the suppliers. The influence of the supplier on the final output is immense; therefore, the power of suppliers is high. Internal strategic analysis Ducati uses differentiation strategy as many other companies within the motorcycle industry. Therefore, all companies compete with each other by producing the best quality motorcycle. Ducati’s unique business model and core activities helped to produce Ducati’s way of quality motorcycles mainly focusing sport sector. Ducati’s strength comes from four core activities, which are production process, distribution system, development of product and RD, and â€Å"The world of Ducati. † One of Ducati’s core strategies is that Ducati heavily outsources its production compared to its competitors. As of 2001, outsourcing had grown to approximately 87%, and the company planned to bring it to 90%, probably the highest in the industry (industry experts estimated that the average outsourcing level for the industry was lower than Ducati’s)† (Gavetti, pg 10). By doing this, Ducati is able to reduce fixed asset investment, and mainly focus on product design, development and quality control. To ensure its product quality, Ducati collaborated wit h a number of the well-known firms such as Ferrari, Lombardini, Motori, etc, and formed the â€Å"Engine Technology District† (Gavetti, pg 11). All the firms within this district had one thing in common. They were all heavily focusing on engine technology. They basically collaborate with each other on activities such as â€Å"RD, purchasing, suppliers’ quality control, employee training etc† (Gavetti, pg 11). Ducati is very strict on selecting suppliers. Since suppliers play key roles in providing quality motorcycle components to the company, Ducati selected different suppliers for each component. Also, Ducati did not make long-term contracts with suppliers except for the major components. Ducati simply switched to different suppliers when the short-term contracts were over if needed. This ensured the quality and reliability of Ducati. Another core strategy that Ducati has is the distribution system. This strategy mainly helps Ducati to create a standard and unified Ducati designed business model for all dealers and subsidiaries to keep the scent and the culture of Ducati alive and therefore increase the value of the brand name. Through this system Ducati found many advantages. First of all, Ducati had full control of the distribution and marketing process. Instead of distributing its products to franchising dealers, and independent distributors, and letting them independently manage their own network of dealers, Ducati established company owned subsidiaries throughout the world. All the subsidiaries were managed under Ducati, which help to retain traits of Ducati’s brand (Gavetti, pg 12). This also increases the profit because Ducati owns the total sales made by all subsidiaries. Second, Ducati re-organized its network of dealers. Unlike many other companies, Ducati concentrated to improve the dealers’ performance instead of geographic expansion. There are many aspects that Ducati took into consideration for dealers’ performance such as sales forces, good technical assistance, and an adequate physical space for product display (Gavetti, pg 11). Instead of expanding the number of dealers, Ducati reduced by a large number. This made it easier for Ducati to manage to improve each dealership since the number decreased. Lastly, under this system, Ducati created its own chain stores. These stores owned by mono-franchisers offered company branded merchandises such as accessories and provided technical support and customer service. These stores provided a unique retail environment emphasizing the distinctive traits of Ducati’s Brand: while a ‘History Wall’ displayed images of Ducati’s racing heritage, and ‘Engineering Wall showed a large scale engineering drawing of the 916, Ducati’s symbol† (Gavetti, pg 12). This is an important factor because it strengthens the brand name and also increases customers’ loyalty by creating a culture. The third Ducati’s core strategy is the unique production development and RD process. Ducati invested a large portion of their revenue in designing new technologies, development of products and human resource management. Ducati created two research centers, the Cagiva Research Center and the Ducati Design center. The Cagiva Research Center focused on external design and Ducati Design Center focused on internal design. â€Å"As a consequence of these efforts, the company greatly reduced the ‘time to market’ for new product launches† (Gavetti, pg 12). This means that Ducati is able to develop a new model in shorter time period. Also, Ducati integrated RD and marketing for technological improvements. Through market research and customer feedback, Ducati managed to improve their technology and design. The World of Ducati is a strategy that helps the development and improvement of the value of the brand through a set of activities. â€Å"In addition to ‘Ducati Stores,’ the ‘World of Ducati’ compromised a series of other activities that had been consistently developing in the past three years† (Gavetti, pg 12). One activity is that unlike its competitors, Ducati implemented an â€Å"Open Paddock† policy, which allow members of Ducati club to be in close contact with the racers by participating in dinners and events. This is very important because ccording to a company’s website survey, the most important purchasing factor is the Superbike competition, followed by magazine tests, sports orientation of the brand, and its link to competition (Gavetti, pg 12). All these factors definitely improved customers’ loyalty to Ducati’s brand which is very important to sustain customers. Racers greatly collaborated with the RD process of Ducati by constantly testing the machines through competitions. Another activity is that, unlike its competitors, Ducati only used special magazines as the source of advertisement. One of the most popular campaigns was â€Å"Ducati/People,† which â€Å"featured Ducati workers and their motorcycles in and around Bologna in black and white retro’ pictures, and emphasized some central values of the brand: the Italian style, the history of the company, the young age of the riders and their sporty attitude† (Gavetti, pg 13). There are many other well-known specialized magazines that are related to motorcycles. Others activities involved Ducati’s museum tour, owners clubs, and social events. All these activities attracted many customers to learn the history of Ducati, get indepth knowledge of Ducati and ultimately increase the number of fans and customer base. Performance analysis So far, Ducati enjoyed the dramatic profit growth. â€Å"Revenues quadrupled since 1996; EBITDA had grown from 33. 4 million Euros in 1997 to around 60 million. In 2000; market share had gone from 5. 1% in the sport bikes segment in 1997 to 6. 7% in 2000† (Gavetti, pg 1). This is clear proof that Ducati is a very competitive opponent to many companies within this industry.