Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Consumer behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Consumer behavior - Essay Example Mini Cooper is not only about culture and social appeal, with regard to functionality, it is also considered as one of the best in its class. It is fuel efficient, sports a comfortable interior, reliable and well engineered for its size. Almost all who purchased Mini Cooper are impressed with its performance even if it is just a small car. Undeniably, the Mini Cooper is a unique car with a strong cultural root which not all cars possessed. Many cars may have good performance and style in terms of engineering and aesthetic appeal but it does not have the charm of good ole England appeal where the Queen rides the car herself. Thus, marketers will capitalize on this because this the Mini Coopers comparative advantage against its competitors which they could never have no matter how good their engineering is because cultural significance cannot be invented. It is either you have it (the car) or you do

Accounting and the Public Sector - Who Measures What and Why Literature review

Accounting and the Public Sector - Who Measures What and Why - Literature review Example There has been a shift in the emphasis of the control from process and input to output control. The performance orientation is one of the major elements in the new public management concepts and the explicit standards for the performance measurement are seen to support this diffusion of new concepts. This study aims towards conducting a literature review of accountability in public sector. Catasu ´s and Gro ¨nlund (2005) have conducted research on the accountability and measurement on the Swedish Armed Forces. There is a scale down observed in the Swedish public sectors and they are aiming to create a resemblance with the other European nations. New ideologies and organizational forms are replacing the welfare state, which emphasizes on the probity, process and managerial accountability. This dismantling of the division between the private and public allows the private sector discourses to be informed to the public administrative practices. â€Å"Reinvent† is the recent ef fort taken by the government in emphasizing the role played by measurement system in enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of the governmental operations. However, the fundamental question still remains there, that is, whether the notion of accountability and performance management, which is followed in the private sector, is applicable to the public sector. This indicates towards the fundamental differences that exist between the public and the private sector. In recent year’s advanced development system and performance enhancement methodologies were implemented in the public sector, which showed higher degree of accountability. Therefore, the main aim of the research was to conduct an analysis of the changing accountability by evaluating the changes in the measurements. Thus, the study focused at the relationship between accountability and measurement by highlighting on the measurement. Another study regarding the unintended or intended outcome of performance measureme nt in the public sector was conducted by Adcroft and Willis (2005). In this context the study highlights on the regimes of performance management that fits to the purpose of the public sector and the intended outcomes for the public services and the workers of the public sector of the performance measurement system. The key issues that are answered by the research is that content or the text of performance management in the public sector with examples specific to the higher education and healthcare; the intended outcome and the limitation of the performance management system. While most of the literatures have emphasized on the introduction of accounting system in the public sector organization of the developed countries that would lead to organizational and cultural exploration, the research scholars Ballas and Tsoukas (2004) has raised the question regarding why the accounting system are not used in public bureaucracies, which should have implemented much before. In order to find the answer of this question, the study has focused on the absence of accounting and lack of systematic measurement in a public bureaucracy. The study has explored and explained the absence of developed accounting system in the Greek National Health System and compared with the Greek political system. The paradigm of the new public management is based on the central belief that the public service organizations should not only be accountable to the fiduciary matters but should be accountable to the objectives and the efficiencies too. A cluster of administrative

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Hobbes Argument For A Nasty State Of Nature Philosophy Essay

Hobbes Argument For A Nasty State Of Nature Philosophy Essay In the Leviathan, Hobbes argues for a solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short State of Nature, characterized by a world of perpetual war among men, with no place for justice, law or private property, supported by hierarchies of subordination. The solution for this state, as argued by Hobbes, is the creation of a social contract founded on fear and the surrender of personal rights, including freedom, to a supreme sovereign. In contrast, John Locke argues for a State of Nature characterized by peace, benevolence and mutual help, which includes the notion of private property and is rooted in two natural dispositions: the right to do whatever one pleases within the boundaries of the Natural Law and the right to defend oneself from the offenses of third parties. However, the State of Nature is bound to fall since there is no universality among men to act within the Natural Law, crossing its boundaries. Also, being a judge of its own causes, one can favor ones loved and try to harm ones e nemies. Hence, an institution for the regulation of liberty and own-legislation is needed in order to secure everyones rights, and more importantly everyones private property. According to Hobbes, the differences between men are so minimal that even if some men are greater in strength or intellect, in the end the whole collectivity appears to be homogenously equal. Hence, for Hobbes (as well for Locke) the state of nature starts with a presupposed state of equality among men given by nature (in contrast with the state of equality given by God as argued by Locke). However, men naturally tend to favor power over the others, which force them to engage in conflict and war. Hobbes distinguishes three different causes for the beginning of this conflict: competence, glory and distrust. Competence engages men in a circular fight for power over another, glory gives men the need for reputation, and distrust enables personal security. As it is evident, it is impossible for men to live peacefully without a power of fear that would keep both parties in order. For Hobbes, these circumstances create a state of bellum omnia omnes which makes impossible any progress or mut ual relationship. Nevertheless, Hobbes clearly acknowledges that there has never been a time when everybody is engaged in war with everybody, instead he argues that there has been periods in history full of conflicts and distrust that drags people apart in hostile relationships. In this state of war or conflict, where everybody is trying to gain others property and power, there is no place for justice since justice is not consistent with personal reason but with mutual agreement. The notion of law and justice are absent in Hobbes State of Nature. In order to overcome this unproductive state, Hobbes suggests that there are two different ways: passions and reason. The supreme passion is the fear of death, followed by other passions such as the desire for a comfortable life without conflicts and the hope for gaining goods through labor. These passions are, however, ineffective since the state of war in which men live makes them realize that these goods they are seeking are worthless since there is no way to protect them from the greedy, hostile neighbors (not even their own life is secured in this state). This is the reason why Hobbes introduces the notion of Natural Laws: the First Law: To seek peace and follow it, dictates that every man must look for peace and when peace is unobtainable; he must find and use every advantage of war in order to preserve peace; the Second Law: By all means we can to defend ourselves, rooted in the Scriptures and derived from the First Law, argues that every man must give the others what he asks for, one must give up on its own rights as long as they represent danger to the common good; finally, the Third Law, derived from the Second, urges men to satisfy every contract in which they are engaged in order to prevent conflicts. Hobbes Laws of Nature make evident that there is a possible exit from the state of war since every man is considered equal and holds the same rights under the law (in contrast with Locke, who places these conditions as components of the State of Nature rather than as a possible exit from the state of war). All this circumstances, but most importantly, the coercive fear of the state of war, forces men to engage in a kind of social contract which implicates an absolute trespassing of ones rights, including a total surrender of personal liberty (in contrast with Lockes civil society which is born to safeguard personal liberty), to a sovereign person or institution of people hoping in exchange for a state of order and security to seek, create and maintain peace. Hobbes adds that this sovereign person or institution of people must have the power to exercise fear upon every member of the contract in order to keep them within the boundaries, giving birth to the notion of the Leviathan and a clear support for the monarchic system (in contrast with Lockes criticism against the Monarchy). According to Locke, the idea of the State of Nature is given in order to understand the notion of political power. For Locke, men are naturally in a state of perfect freedom, where they are able to decide over his actions, property and will. However, in contrast with Hobbes definition of liberty (the absence of external impediments), liberty is not completely free of boundaries or external impediments, men are tied to the boundaries of the law of nature when exercising their right of liberty. As Locke would say, This be a state of liberty, yet it is not a state of license. Men are also in a state of equality, given by God through the distinction that no man is greater than the others, preventing any type of hierarchies or subordination (as Locke would argue when discussing the notion of slavery or conquest or through his criticism against the monarchic system). In contrast with Locke, Hobbes argues that even if there is a state of homogeneous equality, it is this state which gives me n the possibility to invade others property and life (This is indirectly a claim for the Monarchy, which gives a man a higher status in order to act upon everybody else, allegedly seeking for order and peace). Due to these circumstances, everyone must look for his own preservation (or life) and for the preservation of all men. Rooted in the idea of self-preservation is Lockes notion of punishment and self-defense are components of the State of Nature. In the State of Nature everyone is free to ask for reparation and restraint, creating the concept of punishment as a way of self-execution of the Law. Punishment, as argued by Locke, must be proportional to the offense, from point where one is able to appropriate the goods or services of the offender, by right of self-preservation to the point where one is not only able but forced to punish the crime by murdering the offender by the right he has of preserving all mankind. As it has been said, Lockes State of Nature appoints man as a free self-legislator within the Natural Law. However, this State, just as Hobbes state of perpetual war, is bound to result unproductive collectively. First, since there is no particular agreement among all mankind to act within the boundaries of the Natural Law, transgressions are likely to happen re-creating a Hobbean state of war between the transgressor and the others. Second, the fact that one is self-legislator of the Law of Nature might cause biased decisions to favor one (self-love) or ones friends over ones enemies. Locke argues that in order to prevent this scenarios God creates the institution of the Civil Society governed by a civil government. This point is a direct criticism to Hobbes support to the monarchy where Locke argues that the system is just a recreation of the second scenario. For Locke it is inconceivable that mankind must surrender its liberty to a sovereign, since everybody is equal by birth and law. As Locke says, How much better it is than the state of nature, where one man, (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) has the liberty to be judge in his own case and may do to all its subjects whatever he pleases, without the least liberty to anyone to question or control those who execute his pleasure? This is where the need for society is born. Society, as argued by Locke, is born to amend the difficulties of the State of Nature where a man is judge of his own case and there is no regulation of liberty in order not to become license. This regulation, however, does not equal with the surrender of liberty requested by Hobbes to end with the state of war. For Locke, the civil government is born to preserve liberty (with liberty comes private property, even in the State of Nature) in its pure form, while for Hobbes liberty is taken away in order to preserve peace. While for Hobbes men are naturally in a state of war, for Locke the state of war appears when one transgresses other peoples private property. While Locke includes private property as inherent to liberty (hence, as component of the state of nature) and argues for the preservation of private property through the social contract (which might be tacit or consent as both philosophers acknowledge), for Hobbes the notion of private property is only imaginable when men have abandoned the state of nature. While for Hobbes there is no certain reliance on theological terms, Locke appears to claim for Heaven where there is no explanation to back up his concepts. While for Hobbes there cannot be morality (hence no justice) in the State of Nature, for Locke morality is given by the Law of Nature. While Lockes State of Nature argues for the revolution against the monarchy (since it represents the State of Nature), Hobbes insists that the only way to escape from the State of Nature is monarchy. While both arguments are convincing, Lockes State of Nature is more plausible. First, Locke acknowledges the existence and preservation of liberty upon everything else. Without liberty, even if liberty must be constrained by the Natural Law or reason, there cannot be a social contract, since as Hobbes says; a contract made by coercion is void. Second, in reality, the nature of man is not to cause conflict, there is no perpetual struggle among everybody everywhere as Hobbes says. Hobbes state of nature fails to explain the existence of love, good will, charity, solidarity, and other values that we witness every day. Also Hobbes fails to recognize the influence of rearing and culture as factors which might shape the natural state of man. Finally, Locke makes clear that even when most people may act within the boundaries of the Natural Law while in the State of Nature, there are possibilities that an aggressor might be found. In contrast, Hobbes attaches an absolute value to the nature of man implying that it is always good or bad. (1885 WORDS)

The Difference Between Chinese And Western Culture Cultural Studies Essay

The Difference Between Chinese And Western Culture Cultural Studies Essay Food diet is a cultural in china. The daily regimen is often talking object. China and the West have the very big difference in aspect; they are in the diet idea, the cooking, raw material, dined aspects and so on. this point as early as already some people raised in the 19th century, then, East and Wests cultural masters have not stopped down to this aspects research. Then, Chinese people Xu xiong (2001) pointed out that Chinese and western diet culture difference. It is due to countrys culture, the custom, the atmosphere, the historical connotation, the nutrition values and the current economic condition factor. Recently, many people think western and Chinese diet culture biggest difference is Chinese people used the chopsticks, is eating rice and western people used knife and the fork, eating the beefsteak and the bread. These are only on the superficial difference; also it still has deeply level differences. This point that it had been ignore to people Food habits difference, the diet ways difference, the diet concept difference, the cooking methods difference. These differences are the fundamental differences between Chinese and western food culture difference. China has 5,000 years of history, China has brightly rich, the broad and profound diet culture; Chinese people pay attention to the nature and humanity, Chinese food to feed the ideographic, by thing of expressing characteristics. So it makes the famous traditional Chinese diet food Chinese food culture theory founder in the analects of Confucius The Analects in there on the food, food is too refined, cypress tire size exposition Up to two thousand years later, still has a very high theoretical guidance Sima Qian in Lishiqi Commentary Section of the Historical Records write that : a countrys king depend on people, then people depend on grain Yan Zhitui, Family Instructions of Yan Clan say: grain is people depend on, people cannot live without eating, The Chinese diet culture has long development process, if from Peking man invented offensive and began a real sense of diet culture creation began, starting with China diet culture development process from today ,there were fifth year s of history, this is a long standing uninterrupted history. Chinese peoples diet emphasize the perceptual and the artistry, pursue the taste of the food feeling, and no attention to the foods nutrition composition, many from color, aroma, taste and shape wait for a respect to evaluate the stand or fall of diet quality, pursuit is a difficult to explain in words of artistic conception. Chinese people are pay attention to eat, American sociologist Ian. Robert Johnson wrote a book in his Sociology, said that American do not eat snails to eat oysters, French eats snail dont eat locusts, Lu tribe in Africa who do not eat fish to eat locusts, the Jews do not eat pork, Hindus pork do not eat beef, Russians eat beef dont eat snake meat. While Chinese have no dont eat, the Chinese people in taste dishes, We often will taste this dish and said yummy or not delicious; however if you want ask the people why this dish is good ,we not answers, This shows that Chinese on diet of pursuit is a kind of difficult to explain in words mood, namely, use people say normally color, aroma, taste and shape, implement to the state materialize and Im afraid is still difficult to cover it. The Chinese diet is has its distinctive charm, the key lies in its flavors. And delicious produced to reconcile, for the original taste of food, Coupled with the taste of ingredients and materials, and to reconcile the taste of spices, Intertwined with the integration of coordination, Pay attention to the harmony of Chinese cooking Beauty This is the essence of Chinese culinary art key point.. The dishs shape and color is external things, and the taste is something inside, Chinese food is not deliberate modification of the internal re-appearance. Westerners focus on rational analysis, focus on food science, and pay attention to nutrition, whatever how to the food color, smell, taste, shape , and nutrition must be assured, pay attention to how many calories a day intake, vitamins, protein, and so on. Even if taste thousand pieces of the same tune, also they must continue to eat because there are nutritious. Lin Yutan in my country and my people pointed out: English and American people are eating is defined as a biological machine fuel injection As long as they eat to be able to keep the body strong enough to resist the infection of bacteria Do not pay attention to other aspects of . In the banquet, you can pay attention to tableware, pay attention to the use of materials, pay attention to service, attention to vegetables, raw material shape and color with respect. But no matter how luxurious high-grade, from Los Angeles to New York, steak is only a kind of taste, without art at all. As dishes, chicken is chicken, steak is ste ak, although the dishes are with, that is carried out in the disk French lamb chops, while put mashed potatoes, next to the lean lamb chops, green beans cooked with the other side, add a few slices of tomato. Contrasting color, but the taste of the variety of disparate materials, to reconcile, the taste is different, you taste it, and you know it. Westerners are used to divide and eat, there are be allocated a personal food, it is one of a rationing. In the West dinner, while also sitting, but each single plate of food is the single loaded. Do not have fixed seats that can move around freely, Not only it can fully meet the individual food preferences, but also to facilitate social. Be easy to Feelings between individuals and to facilitate the exchange of information, Instead of all activities at the table will be made public, In Western food on the table not weave in games. Also eat time shorter than the Chinese food. We usually to eat beef in silence and quietly. This diets way fully show that Westerners humanity, self respect and emphasize the individuals independence and autonomy. In china, In china, whether Family dining is or a formal banquet, we are sitting around dinner, Sitting in a table, we look toward cheers each other, and help people to distribute food to guests at the table reflect the mutual respect between people, the virtues of comity, and Harmony, happy atmosphere. Shows that the Chinese people pay attention harmony is most precious In 3000 years ago, it is The Book of Songs Era Our ancestors first know to eat have affinity function, Use food to regulate the relationship in the Book of Rites, said the By drinking the diet this way, to express our good mood. reflects Chinese people peaces idea. Especially in the various festivals, we by drinking diet this way, to express .we are very happy. This diet way is the Chinese food culture an important tradition. Chinese people put the eating as an elegant pleasure .So take a seat, the mutual laughter throughout the entire process of meal. To eat time weave in some interesting games, so eat time for up t o two or three hours .Because people can maintain a good appetite and a strong appetite, so enjoy the culinary arts how to maintain the best state of mind. Chinese to trail by eating, and eating to regulate relationships .As Mr Qian in the eat, said Dinner have many social functions, such as a feel for the business meetings by the so on In China, cooking is an art, it with extremely strong interest, even with certain game play, it is attracted by diet for the life of fulfilling the Chinese. Chinese cooking have many methods, for example, Slip, braised, burning, boil, steamed, fried, crispy, braised, grilled, stewed, explosion, fry, casserole, candied and so on . These methods make use of dazzling dishes. Chinese people have a grasp on the heat of the traditional methods, it is rich and varied , and every type have detail methods, such as Such as leavened partition into brittle and slippery and so on. Chinese food is more complicated changes in technology, many dishes are time-consuming work fees Chinese food a lot of embellishment, when we eat the food, many embellishment of food, we dont eat. Not only cause the waste of raw materials, but also the effect may not be good A Chinese chef in the industry saying goes ¼Ã… ¡ As a good cook, one-third of the craft, and seven in the used materials side. It is Emphasizes personal chef selection of raw materials, the importance of sub-file to use. That is, the standard of raw materials produced on the dishes of Chinese and Western food culture differences play a decisive role. Westerns Cooking pay attention to nutrition to the neglect of taste, they with cold drinks table, also coupled with the cold chilled ice wine And the bloody steak with white fish, big white meat, raw vegetables, white boiled beans, boiled potatoes with relish, although the dishes are very authentic taste, but the dish flavor is not good. These all reflect the taste of the neglect of Westerners. Westerners diet emphasizes science and nutrition, the whole process of cooking are acting in strict accordance with scientific standards, Thus the chefs work to become a very monotonous and mechanical to work. Westerners to grasp the furnace temperature and quantitative data can not be separated, Its cooking methods is frying, deep-fried, and grilled, the taste of food is a single, Western do not pay attention to a knife, a piece of steak, vegetables and salad placed at random, there is no knife at all Westerns transfer to a plate dimension, edible is strong, the vast majority of all the food into the dish can be eaten, and embellishment is the main course dishes. Most raw materials for western food is fresh, clean, natural Operation process of nature, to play the original taste of food, not too much used to dry raw materials, milk is essential in the Western raw materials. Based on the importance of nutrition, Westerners most of eat raw vegetables, not only they eat tomatoes, cucumber, cabbage, onions, but also they can eat raw broccoli , The majority of the American West as the representative, they seem to like to eat cold dish., and sitting after the first dish is mostly Sarah one dish icy leftovers, And the main course steak end up, First ,you used a knife and cut a while, until chopped, hot steak to cool gradually, but also the side dishes and a good steak with a fork with your mouth. Thus westerners ignore flavor Chinese tableware is mainly chopsticks, chopsticks is More accurate than the knife and fork, we used the chopsticks can freely and convenient. Whether the dish is article, is the lump is the piece, and it is cube. Chinese people pick up the chopsticks; it can be applied with ease. So, like talking about something at the dinner table for the Chinese people, they can not tolerate silent Western food instrument. Not only Chopsticks are eating utensils, but also it is talking about assistant props the dinner table, a group of people around the table, Each other take their food with chopsticks, and the guests served you food at a meal. It shows between the master and guest relationship, also it is add to harmonious atmosphere in the table. So when Mr. Cai Yuanpei talking about the chopsticks, in ancient time, Chinese people once used it, and used many various of shapes, cuptray bowl and see. Chinese cooking emphasis the shape, size, color coordination with the dishes ¼Ã…’and pay atten tion to exquisites utensil. The delicious food must have exquisites utensil combine, and to pay attention to harmony with it. Dishes and utensils in color decoration, in the form, and harmony in the space is supposed to match. They put diet regard as artistic activity treat. Not only can eat delicious food, but also get a beautiful art from which to enjoy it. Westerners with a metal knife and fork, and a variety of cups, plates, cup, dish. The western food dress up plate and combine aspect, Unlike the Chinese, emphasis on the artistic beauty. The types of utensils, dishes shape, are both of relatively monotonous. In short, West people focus on the content of the food, Chinese people emphasis to cuisine in the form and the more pleasure they reap from it. Recently, with the quality of life improve. Chinas food and beverage utensils are specialized, diversified portfolio of the new faces appear. it is for family dinner add to new meaning and Japanese food culture and interest. West people also began to focus on the design. There are a variety of different styles of tableware in market. These are usually with color and pattern, and appeared to different in various styles, with a view, interesting characteristics, and the put eating utensils as gifts to sell. Is due to International economic development, also country and country are communication frequently and international tourism development. It make them cultures exchange and merge in the worldwide, forming an unstoppable trend. Specially, country and country communication and merge in food aspects. For western food Traditionally, Western absorbed the steam and fried from the Chinese food methods. At the same time, they also absorb a lot of Chinese food ingredients and condiments. While Chinese food also emphasis to food nutrition. We can start to eat western styles food. For example, Hot dogs, sandwiches, salads, and butter. In conclusion, in china appear Chinese and Western styles combineds style.there are Western medicate food and beef of porridge in Chinese and Western styles combineds style.now,western food use Chinese cooking to eat, and Chinese food used the western cooking to do ,those are Chinese and Western food culture continually and exchanges, it can appear new phenomenon

Friday, October 25, 2019

Lee Jeans Advertisement Essay -- Advertising Marketing

Strength Every woman has gone through heartbreak at least once in her lifetime. Lee Jeans uses heartbreak to convince the audience of this advertisement to buy their jeans. In this Lee Jeans advertisement there are all different claims. The one that stands out the most is the claim of value. The advertisement shows support of this claim through the word usage and the picture representation. Lee Jeans wants to represent the " NEW LOOK FOR LEE" as the women?s jeans. Through the different use of symbols, the advertisement makes women think of times when they need to be strong. As a result of the symbols represented in this advertisement, the claim of value becomes more obvious. Although Lee Jeans has always been known for strong manly jeans, this company wants women to realize that there is nothing that can stop them from moving ahead and becoming strong. This is seen through the woman in the advertisement feminine jeans, manly boots, and the explanatory of the statement "SOMEWHERE AN EX- BOYFRI END IS FILLED WITH AN INCREDIBLE SENSE OF REGRET." Because of the past ideas of Lee?s Jeans being the "man?s jeans," the picture representation, along with the word usage, has to be powerful. This advertisement?s bland black and white coloring allows the audience to see right to the point the company is making. Using a lot of colors also shows that women do not need anything extra to make them strong. In the past, advertisements for women?s goods were usually very colorful. The colors were usually feminine pinks, purples, and yellows. Rather than using normal feminine colors, using black and white makes the advertisement stand for strength. The advertisement also shows a woman wearing Lee?s flare jeans and big boots. The company is sh... ...tomers. Lee Jeans Company uses the power and strength of getting over a past relationship to inspire their claim of value. The use of picture representation and strong wording convinces the reader of the advertisement to not only trust the Lee Jeans Company, but also to be a stronger woman. The advertisement uses symbols such as the woman in feminine jeans with her manly boots, the black and white background, the night setting, and the inspiring words to show women that they can be strong. This company recognized that if they wanted to get women?s attention, they would have to intrude on the emotions of women readers. Heartbreak affects so many people that this advertisement would intrigue any woman of any race or ethnic background. The Lee Jeans Company accomplishes the goal of making women recognize that nothing can hold them back while selling of their product.

Gullivers Travels :: Literary Analysis, Jonathan Swift

The author of Gulliver’s Travels os Jonathan Swift. He was born on November 30, 1667 in Dublin, Ireland (Cody, 1). At an early age his father past away and because of this sudden death Swift’s mother soon moved back to England. Swift, in the care of his relatives, was sent to school at Kilkenny Grammar School. He then attended Trinity College but did not finish his schooling because the school was closed because of a revolution occurring in the government (Cody, 2). Swift then moved to England where he became the secretary for Sir William Temple. Shortly after this employment Swift returned to Ireland upon request of his doctors because he was suffering for Miner’s Disease, a disturbance of the inner ear. Shortly after returning to Ireland Swift left Ireland for England once again. In England he published his first work which he did not get high praise for. Swift left England and returned to Ireland in 1694 to pursue his dreams of becoming a priest in the Church of Ireland and in 1695 accomplished this dream and was ordained (Cody, 3). After about a year, however, Swift returned to England. In England between 1696 and 1699 Swift created a majority of A Tale of a Tub, one of his most notable works (Cody, 4). Also in this time Swift created The Battle of the Books. Shortly after the completion of his work a friend of his past which lead to him traveling back to Ireland with the Earl of Berkeley as his secretary. Then in 1700 Swift was promoted within the church and was instituted Vicar of Laracor and was forced to travel back to Ireland (Cody, 5). The following year Swift was awarded a D.D. Form Dublin University and a couple years following his first works were published under anonymous. In 1707 Swift was asked to travel to England where he would ask for remission of tax on Irish clerical income but his requests were denied (Cody, 6). His trip, however, was not a total loss for he got the opportunity to meet Esther Vanhomrigh. She allowed Swift to step into the highest levels of political circles and this allowed swift to spend a lot of the next few years traveling between England and Ireland. Swift, now a figure in the government, became even more involved when he became the editor of a Tory newspaper (Cody, 9). Also in 1710 he began writing a group of letters to Esther Johnson later to be named The Journal to Stella.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

A Class Prophecy

CLASS PROPHECY â€Å"It’s already 10:30 in the morning, I must hurry or else I will be late for my next flight. † I suddenly exclaimed as I look at my watch to check the time. It was the last day of my trip here in Seoul, a getaway from the pressures of being a neurosurgeon. I immediately left the hotel to get my car and drive myself to the airport. While I am looking out the window of my car, the big screens in the busy streets caught my attention featuring the fashion and showbiz industry.Speaking of fashion, Angelica Somoray, a supermodel, is now a well-known K-Pop performer who is soon to be married. Desiree Micairan, an accountant, owns a workshop for dancing, singing and acting. Elaina Lara is currently working in her newest romantic movie with the most sought after leading man, Mike Joshua Luchana, who is hailed as the â€Å"Actor of the Decade. † These three girls, Angelica, Desiree, and Elaina are also International Dance Icons who replaced the Pussycat Dolls. As I arrive in the airport.I never expected that I would run into my former classmate, Celina Burlat dressed with a uniform that has the logo of a U. S Airline. She is now a flight stewardess taking the same trip to France where she and her family migrated. While waiting for departure, Celina handed me a magazine that features Mr. Vhan Gonzales, and Mr. Alexis Virgel Aladad who are successful business tycoons. After some time, the pilot announces that we are almost ready to depart. Such voice seems so familiar to me.So that when the stewardess announces the names of the pilots, I was really sure that the pilot of the plane which I was boarding is our former classmate, Jay Roll Solon, and his assistant, Jason Baterbonia. So when the plane landed in the airport, I did not waste time to meet the pilots. When we were standing face to face each other, I could hardly believe to see the pilots such handsome & self-assured persons in their pilot uniforms. They invited me to a flashy lounge in the airport. We were so excited to meet again and we talked about our present lives as well as reminisce our high school experiences.I ask about our former classmates and immediately, Jay Roll, having met many of them to different parts of the world, told me about their success and their whereabouts. John Riel Deiparine and Daniel Van Manaez who are both famous classical musicians, are currently in a world concert tour. John Riel was named as the â€Å"Mozart of the 21st century. † Daniel, on the other hand, is named as â€Å"The Great Soprano. † Runette Marie Diaz, the writer of the best cooking magazine in the world, owns 52 branches of her Spanish Restaurant.Oscar Awardee, Nicole Manuawan was declared as one of the richest people in the world by Forbes Magazine. The Chicago Bulls sharp shooter Kevin Cortez who replaced Derrick Rose led his team on a championship game against the big-three of Miami Heat who were Randy Gumapac, Ryan Lara, and Clark Lauron. T hey are few of the Filipino Athletes in the NBA League. May Roselle Joyce Ang, owns one of the most prestigious commercial banks in the world. Marjewrie Gallego, a lawyer in profession, is elected as judge in the International Criminal Court.John Dorryl Payumo works as a manager at the Microsoft Company. He is one of the founders of the latest social networking site. John Aleth Bocal, who is a clinical pharmacist, owns the famous Aleth’s Pharmacy. After bonding with the pilots, I got into my car and drive to the nearest hotel to stay in. The next morning, I started the day with a prayer. I turned on the television and again, I saw Bea Ayuban on her daily news segment, â€Å"Good Morning Bea† with her co-host who is apparently his husband, Tombelle Lara. Tombelle is one of the members of the famous Altima Band.The lead vocalist, Julian Caderao, is on a vacation trip with her fiance. After the segment, I turned the TV off. All of a sudden, my phone began to ring. It was Engineer Kristine Joy Alcordo inviting me to visit her home. It was already dark when I reached her home. My friends, Engineer Leo Abunda and Architect Xena Gonzales were also there. They told me about the constructions they have been through. Kristine, Leo, and Xena are the men behind those great buildings around the world. The night was fun bonding with them. Not until the neighboring house began to explode on fire.I quickly opened my eyes and realized that I was only dreaming as my classmates laugh because I was taking a nap in our Economics class under Sir Jefferson Guinang. But for me, it is not only a dream. It is a dream that needs fulfillment. If only we persevere, study hard, and pray, nothing would be impossible to be reached. This prophecy serves as a challenge among the Seniors. May we all achieve these realms. Thank you and God Bless Us All. Written by: downbeatdynamo. tumblr. com Written for: IV – EMERALDS BATCH 2011-2012

Analysis around Freuds view of the human mind Essay

This essay aims to discuss the key ideas behind Freud’s theories, including his model of the mind, psychosexual development, repression and cure through therapeutic techniques. Sigman Freud (1856 to 1939) was an Austrian physician, with an interest in the workings of the subconscious mind. â€Å"Freud spent his life trying to produce coherent a set of theories to explain all human behavioural, but never achieved his goal of one grand theory, (Benson, 1999, P48).  According to Freud, the mind has three levels of consciousness. The conscious equates to 1/7th of the mind, being ‘the awareness we have when awake.’ The pre-conscious, is a boundary containing memories of dreams, and causing slips of the tongue. Finally, the unconscious. Making up 6/7ths of the mind and containing ‘thoughts completely hidden and unavailable to us,’ (Benson, 1999, P47). Freud’s model divides the mind in to three parts: the Id, Ego and Superego. He believed that the first to develop was the Id, operating on the pleasure principle, in the unconscious mind. The Id ‘is the dark, inaccessible part of our personality,’ (Freud, 1933 p27). It drives a baby to seek pleasure, like ‘drink food warmth and comfort and avoid the unpleasureable, like hunger, being wet and cold†¦ The Id is selfish and ‘not concerned with social rules, but only with self gratification,’ (Cardwell et al, 1997 p549). The Id is made of two components. Benson (1999, P51) describes the first, Libido, as ‘the inborn energy we have that motivates us to survive.’ The second component, Freud named Thanatos, and described as the death instinct, expressed through aggression towards self and others. Cardwell et al (1997) explain that the Id’s discharge of energy and excitation without regard for consequence is known as primary proc ess thinking. At around two years old the human mind recognises the need to be realistic and plan for the future, rather than surviving on primary instinct. Thus the ego develops. Operating on the reality principle, it battles the Id for control of behaviour. Unlike the Id, the Ego has a partly conscious, secondary thought process. ‘The ego is still, however, essentially selfish, i.e. protecting the individual from harm,’ (Benson, 1999, p51). At around 3, we start to absorb influence from our parents and the Super Ego begins to develop. The Super Ego expands from our learned morals and the conventions of society. ‘Super means above – looking down and monitoring the â€Å"Id-Ego† Battle,’ (Benson, 1999, P52). Like the Ego, the Super Ego is partly conscious; however it is not selfish and considers others too. As it develops it becomes ‘our social conscience and guides us towards sociably acceptable behaviour.’ (Cardwell et al, 1997, p549).  Freud was responsible for modern society’s understanding of the effects childhood experiences can have on adult personalities. He split the childhood into five stages of psychosexual development. During the first, the Oral stage from 0 to 2 years, the only drive present is the Id. Focused on survival, the Id drives the baby to feed by suckling. Thus the mouth becomes the main source of pleasure. Benson (1999, p52) states that ‘through oral satisfaction the baby develops trust and an optimistic personality.’  From 2 to 3 years, the child becomes aware of its bowels and how to control them. Here begins the Anal Stage, as ‘the focus of gratification shifts to the anus†¦ aiding with potty training,’ a vital step to independence and survival, (Benson, 1999, P54). However, withholding elimination goes against the Id’s nature of random discharge without regard for consequence. This results in the requirement for an ego to develop, ‘and as such has important implications in the personality later in life,’ (Cardwell et al, p550, 1997). The phallic stage, from 3 to 5 years, starts when children become aware of sexual differences and become curious about their own genitals. Benson (1999) explains that boys will develop differently to girls from here on. Boys will develop Oedipus Complex and unconsciously experienced a sequence of sub stages. Firstly he will develop a strong desire for his mother. Then, after noticing the strong (sexual) bond between her and his father, he will become deeply jealous of his father and hate him. The boy’s fear of his father uncovering these thoughts instils a fear of the ultimate punishment, castration. The boy resolves that to avoid castration by pleasing his farther, and at the same time impress his mother, he must become like his father. This is called identification. Girls, having unconsciously concluded that they have already been castrated, do not develop the same fears. Though, ‘since their mother is the same, girls also end up identifying, i.e. adopting their mother’s morality and gender roles. This was always rather vague’ and known as the Electra Complex (Benson, 1999, p56).

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Employee Motivation at FMC Green River and Other Organizations Essay

Organizational behavior theories are known to differ as to what motivates employees, not because the essential characteristics of all employees are varied across organizations and industries. Rather, the motivational needs of employees differ from organization to organization because separate work situations, ethics and settings, in addition to their interaction with individual personalities, teams, and managements call for different employee needs to be prioritized. Employee motivation is simply referred to as an organizational method to satisfy employees in areas where they feel unsatisfied. Whereas poor health and safety conditions might be the Number One challenge to encounter in Company ABC, it is possible that the employees of FMC Green River would be more motivated by higher salaries. Moreover, the employees of FMC Green River may hold a collective opinion that their working conditions are the best in the industry. Hence, the management of FMC Green River would not be as focused on improving health and safety conditions as Company ABC should be. Given that job performance is a function of ability and motivation, it is appropriate to inquire into the specific needs of the workers in order to employ the correct mix of employee motivation strategies to boost job performance, company-wide (â€Å"Employee Motivation,† 2007). As an example, the employees of the Piketon Research and Extension Center and Enterprise Center were asked about the main motivating factors at their particular workplace. According to the research findings, the employees believed themselves to be motivated by the following, in the order of importance: â€Å"a) interesting work, (b) good wages, (c) full appreciation of work done, (d) job security, (e) good working conditions, (f) promotions and growth in the organization, (g) feeling of being in on things, (h) personal loyalty to employees, (i) tactful discipline, and (j) sympathetic help with personal problems (Lindner, 1998). Contrary to these findings, a peer reviewed study on employee motivation found that most employees across various organizations believe the following to be the chief motivators at the workplace: â€Å"enjoyment of the work; work/life balance; pay satisfaction; link between pay and performance;† and â€Å"adequate staffing levels† (Katcher). Thus, it appears essential to increase employee motivation only after inquiring into the main motivators in a specific organization. Also within a single organization, the blue collar workers are expected to be more motivated by an increase in pay, while the white collar employees might believe that enjoyment of work is more important. In this case, the organization would have to divide up its employees in two separate groups to inquire into the particular motivators for the blue collar workers as opposed to the white collar employees. It is best, therefore, for employee motivation strategies to be based on group by group studies, although organizations may also apply the rule of generalization. In that event, Company ABC would believe that it could effectively use the motivators of FMC Green River’s employees to improve the job performance of its own workers.

Justice, Gender, and Affirmative Action Essay

Affirmative action Introduction                   Affirmative action is a policy that is aimed at providing positive measures to remedy effects of past discrimination against members of certain groups (Clayton & Crosby 1992, p.2). One of the areas that suffer underrepresentation of the diverse, underrepresented individuals and minority group in colleges is the laws schools and subsequently in the legal profession. The questioned posed is â€Å"Is affirmative action the best solution to alleviating this crisis or is it the major cause together with other practices that have contributed to these underrepresentation?                   First of all is the admission procedure. Admission selection considers those with a bachelor’s degree for an accredited university or college. Few underrepresented minority students are able to attend college and obtain the relevant qualifications. Moreover, there are disparities in number of applicants and the number who get enrolled. For example in 2000, 74500 individuals submitted their application to ABA- approved school and an estimate of 67% of the total were admitted (ABA/ LSAC Pre-Conference Report, 2005, p, 4). This illustrates a flaw in the acceptance procedure that focus on higher merit in which its well document trend that underrepresented minorities score less on the Law Schools Admission Test (LSAT).                   Secondly the individual state bar exams are a severe impediment. â€Å"While the LSAT remains a reliable predictor of success in law school and the Law School Admission Council (makers of the LSAT), warn against over-reliance on numerical qualifiers alone† (ABA/ LSAC Pre-Conference Report, 2005, p, 5). Raised cut off points detriment the minorities who are disproportionately at the bottom in addition the bars are also misapplied. The percentage of residents in a state should have a proportionate percentage at the law school. The lack of a national bar does also contribute to this issue.                   The above two examples illustrate why affirmative action is needed in leveling admissions. Higher merit and higher cut off points are serving to lock out minority groups from accessing law education. In coming up with a criteria for selection, the selection board should put into consideration performance of minority groups which is at the lower end of the spectrum.                   Terry Eastland suggests that affirmative action promotes discrimination. He argues that there is nothing like positive or negative discrimination. In Higher education for example, when the institution sets a lower grade for color students, the act in itself creates discrimination. These groups of students who will be enrolled under affirmative action are well aware that they are in that position due to their race. It is a negative experience that is not easy to erase. Sometimes attitudes from the majority students will affect the students from the minority. The majority students may not look at the minority as equals.                   Affirmative action leads to stigma. Eastland says that very few people are aware of the abilities and potential of the marginalized groups. In this case they are likely to be less respected and less valued. This can end up psychologically affecting these groups and it can be worsened if they fail to perform. Terry end believes that an environment should an equal working basis. If students have to be enrolled for higher education, it should be based on merit and not race. This will create an equal working environment of mutual relationship.                   Furthermore, Eastland equates ‘Affirmative action’ to ‘lower standards’. The rationale of having a policy that sets asides positions after a normal criterion creates a barrier between quality and less quality. By having this policy, institutions are accepting that results posted from minority groups are of lesser quality and lesser magnitude to that from the majority. Policy makers argue that the minority are affected by certain factors that make them not to equal results of the majority. It then beats logic that it would be easier resolving factors that make minority perform lesser than providing a criterion that guarantee certain results.                   Terry Eastland comments and views in regard to affirmative action tend to disapprove use of affirmative action against underrepresentation based on color. His views do not factor underrepresentation due to gender. However the logic behind his reasons and those of other scholars can equally be equated to affirmative action on gender and sex segregation                   Gender affirmative actions have shown to improve the status of women in the society. In fact advocates for gender affirmative actions have sprung from various women activists and organizations. Women have gained access to representations in legislative organs, various courses in colleges that stereotypically were set for men. However it is urged that continuous paying attention to a group of people will result in then differences becoming more salient than the commonalities among people (Clayton & Crosby 1992, p.11). This statement thus emphasizes Terry Eastland’s arguments against affirmative action.                   To conclude, the benefits of affirmative action are actually visible. Moving forward however, the fundamental principles of affirmative action seem to have been overtaken with time. Putting into consideration Terry Eastland arguments in regard to affirmative action, the negatives of affirmative action outweigh the positives. Affirmative action has led to lower productivity, increased segregation and stigmatization. The call to end affirmative actions thus is justified. References Clayton, Susan D, and Faye J. Crosby. Justice, Gender, and Affirmative Action. Ann Arbor, Mich: Univ. of Michigan Press, 1992. Print. Law Schools Admission Council. Pre Conference Report (2005) Collaborating to Expand the Pipeline. Retrieved from http://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/migrated/op/pipelineconf/PipelinePostReport.authcheckdam.pdf Source document

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

ll Live In Infamy

Pearl Harbor, inlet of the island of Oahu, Hawaii, 10 km (6 mi) west of Honolulu, and the site of one of the principal naval bases of the United States. Early in the morning of December 7, 1941, Japanese submarines and carrier-based planes attacked the U.S. Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor. Nearby military airfields were also attacked by the Japanese planes. Eight American battleships and 13 other naval vessels were sunk or badly damaged, almost 200 American aircraft were destroyed, and approximately 3,000 naval and military personnel were killed or wounded. The attack marked the entrance of Japan into World War II on the side of Germany and Italy, and the entrance of the United States on the Allied side. Soon after the attack, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed a commission of inquiry to determine whether negligence had contributed to the success of the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor. The commission's report found the naval and army commanders of the Hawaiian area, Rear Admiral Husband E. Kimmel and Major General Walter C. Short, guilty of â€Å"derelictions of duty† and â€Å"errors of judgment†; the two men were subsequently retired. Other later inquiries, however, differed in their conclusions. The Congress of the United States, in an effort to dispose of the controversy, decided on a full, public investigation after the war. The bipartisan congressional committee opened its investigation in November 1945. Testimony from many people reviewed all known information about the attack on Pearl Harbor. The committee reported its findings in July 1946. It placed the primary blame on General Short and Admiral Kimmel, who, however, were declared guilty only of errors of judgment, and not of derelictions of duty. The committee recommended the unification of the U.S. armed forces, which occurred the following year. The USS Arizona National Memorial, standing above the remains of the battleship in Pearl Harbor, commemorates the Americ... 'll Live In Infamy Free Essays on A Day We\'ll Live In Infamy Pearl Harbor, inlet of the island of Oahu, Hawaii, 10 km (6 mi) west of Honolulu, and the site of one of the principal naval bases of the United States. Early in the morning of December 7, 1941, Japanese submarines and carrier-based planes attacked the U.S. Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor. Nearby military airfields were also attacked by the Japanese planes. Eight American battleships and 13 other naval vessels were sunk or badly damaged, almost 200 American aircraft were destroyed, and approximately 3,000 naval and military personnel were killed or wounded. The attack marked the entrance of Japan into World War II on the side of Germany and Italy, and the entrance of the United States on the Allied side. Soon after the attack, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed a commission of inquiry to determine whether negligence had contributed to the success of the Japanese raid on Pearl Harbor. The commission's report found the naval and army commanders of the Hawaiian area, Rear Admiral Husband E. Kimmel and Major General Walter C. Short, guilty of â€Å"derelictions of duty† and â€Å"errors of judgment†; the two men were subsequently retired. Other later inquiries, however, differed in their conclusions. The Congress of the United States, in an effort to dispose of the controversy, decided on a full, public investigation after the war. The bipartisan congressional committee opened its investigation in November 1945. Testimony from many people reviewed all known information about the attack on Pearl Harbor. The committee reported its findings in July 1946. It placed the primary blame on General Short and Admiral Kimmel, who, however, were declared guilty only of errors of judgment, and not of derelictions of duty. The committee recommended the unification of the U.S. armed forces, which occurred the following year. The USS Arizona National Memorial, standing above the remains of the battleship in Pearl Harbor, commemorates the Americ...

Criminal Evidence essays

Criminal Evidence essays Evidence is information offered in court to prove or disprove a fact and to show that a crime was committed. It is shown in court as an item of proof, to impeach or rehabilitate a witness, and to determine a sentence. Evidence can come in the form of weapons, documents, pictures, tape recordings, or exhibits. There are four different types of physical evidence that are considered in court. The first are the fruits of the crime, which is what the suspect gets out of the crime. The instrumentalities of the crime are the means by which the defendant actually committed the crime, such as by a gun, knife, or crowbar. The third type of physical evidence is contraband, which is a crime by possession. Mere Evidence is any other type of physical evidence. Two other types of evidence are direct and circumstantial. Direct evidence proves a fact directly, and often comes from eyewitnesses. Circumstantial evidence requires the court to make an inference or assumption about the case. Evi dence offered in court must be competent. It is considered incompetent if offered by an incompetent witness, obtained in violation of constitutional provisions, or if it is not properly prepared and safeguarded through the chain of custody. According to the book Hard Evidence by David Fisher, the chain of custody is a legal standard which prescribes the handling and documentation necessary for specimens and testing to be admissible as evidence in a court of law. Admissibility of laboratory testing results as court evidence will be compromised if Chain-of-Custody protocol is not strictly followed by all who handle, store, test, and report on such specimens. The chain of custody begins when the evidence is collected at the crime scene and continues until the evidence is officially disposed of. Each person who has custody of the evidence is responsible for its preservation and safekeeping. Each piece of the chain of evidence must include sp...

Monday, October 21, 2019

Land mines essays

Land mines essays There are many different types of land mines that still exist today,that were planted to kill soilders back in Vietnam and other wars. There are five types of antipersonal mines. Blast mines are the most common. When someone steps on them they explode. Because it has a very large charge it often kills people rather than just injuring them. Fragmentation mines have tripwires which lie a few centimeters above the ground. When someone walks into them, the mine shoots out hundreds of metal fragments at twice the speed of an ordinary bullet. Bounding framentation mine jump into the air when activated, to about the hight of a persons chest before they explode . They kill the person who sets them off and can kill over a wide area. Directional Fragmentation mines shoot out steel balls in one direction at high speed. They are set off by tripwires or remote. Also Scatterable mines do not have to be laid by hand they can be droped by an airplain or by artillery. They land on the ground without exploding and some even set their own tripwires. There are around 110 million land mines in 64 countries still lodged in the ground. Just like today and in Vietnam children pick up or step on the devices while herding animals, or working in the fields or just playing. Since many of the explosives look just like toys, tops, pineapples or butterflies, children are drawn to them. In some areas, children scavenge mines for scrap metal. Limbless and blind children around the world bear witness to the land mines path of destruction. Since 1975, the devices have killed more than one million people. They continue to kill more than 800 victims each month and disable more than 1,000 others. Women and children in Angola account for more than 20,000 amputees. Many of todays land mines, which can remain active for decades, were planted before their youngest victims were born. ...

The Big Brother Influence essays

The Big Brother Influence essays The concept of Big Brother, when an interfering government abridges the privacy and basic rights of its citizens, has been gaining acceptance among influential Americans. This Big Brother influence in the United States takes the form of allowing the government to take some of our freedoms away so that the government can catch criminals more efficiently. Some would describe Big Brother as the unknown they that people talk about when referring to the government. The problem with this is that when the people of the United States allow their freedoms to be taken away, the government never gives them back. Thus, freedoms shrink when the people keep giving our freedoms away to feel safer. The Big Brother concept has been gaining momentum in the United States of America. There are many examples ranging from cameras being installed in Five Points in the Columbia area, to the drug war on America, and the battle against terrorism. The book 1984 is the ultimate guide for the Big Brother concept. It shows why we, the people of the United States, need to resist an even greater incursion of governmental control over private citizens activities. The book 1984 provides the core of my argument. This satire shows the pitfalls of the Big Brother concept. The government in this book is called the Party. They control the all of society. The Big Brother in this book was represented by the ruler of the Party. Everything in the society related Big Brother to it. There were posters, televisions, coins, books, and movies and the like that had the Big Brother stamp on it. There were messages stating that, War is Peace, Freedom is Slavery, Ignorance is Strength, Two and Two Make Five, and God is Power (Orwell 17,228). People were proud without truly understanding why. The Big Brother concept at its worst is a government which oppresses and co...

Sunday, October 20, 2019

James Pattersons New Book Releases

James Patterson's New Book Releases James Pattersons first novel The Thomas Berryman Number was turned down by 31 publishers before it was accepted by Little, Brown, and Company in 1976 and won the Edgar Award for Best First Novel. Since then, Patterson hasnt looked back, routinely releasing several books a year, often co-written with other writers. Some are stand-alone novels, some are part of one of his popular series, and some are written for children or middle-schoolers. New Patterson Books for Teens and Adults NYPD Red 4 -  written with Marshall Karp. The elite task force NYPD Red is called in only when a case involves the rich and famous. Following a shocking murder and high-stakes robbery at a movie premiere, NYPD Red gets the call.Private Paris -  written with Mark Sullivan. Jack Morgan of the investigative agency Private is pressed into duty in Paris. His task is to locate his clients granddaughter who is on the run from a brutal drug dealer.15th Affair (Women’s Murder Club Series #15) - written with Maxine Paetro. Detective Lindsay Boxer finds herself in the awkward position of investigating her possibly a very dangerous husband. When an explosive tragedy throws San Francisco into chaos, the clues hit too close to home. She turns to the Women’s Murder Club for help.The Games: A Private Novel -  written  with Mark Sullivan. Join Jack Morgan and members of his renowned investigation firm Private in a new adventure. As they work to secure the Olympics, the threats c ome fast and furious. It’s up to Jack to stop a lethal plot to decimate Rio. Bullseye (Michael Bennett Series #9) -  written with Michael Ledwidge. Detective Michael Bennett must locate the source of a threat that could ignite a war like the country has never seen. A snowstorm provides the perfect cover for the lethal assassins. Only Bennett can save the President of the U.S. and the country.Cradle and All -  Teen edition. In Boston and in Ireland, young virgin women find themselves pregnant. Cities are overwhelmed by epidemics, famine and floods. It feels like something awful is coming, but what?Woman of God  - written with Maxine Paetro. As massive crowds await the white smoke rising from the Vatican to indicate a Pope has been chosen, some among them speculate whether the new Pope could be a woman.Missing: A Private Novel - written with Kathryn Fox.The world’s top detective agency, Private Investigations, takes on a simple case of locating a CEO, but when all evidence of his existence disappears, the simple case turns dangerous.Filthy Rich -  written  with John Connolly and Tim Malloy. This true crime tale is an explosive blend of money, power and sex. The story focuses on Jeffrey Epstein, one of New Yorks financial elites. His taste for young girls resulted in a fall from grace and eventually scandalized one of Americas richest communities. Cross the Line (Alex Cross Series #24). A shooting of a police officer in Washington, D.C., leaves Alex Cross in a leadership position in the investigation. Before he can solve the case, a brutal crime wave strikes the area. New Patterson Books for Children Jacky Ha-Ha -  written with Chris  Grabenstein  and Kerascoet, illustrator. This middle-school age novel introduces a new heroine, Jacky Ha-Ha, a class clown, who makes her classmates laugh with her so that don’t  laugh  at her.  Treasurer Hunters: Peril at the Top of the World -  written  with Chris Grabenstein and Juliana Neufeld, illustrator. In the fourth book in the Treasure Hunters series, the Kidd family travel to Russia and the Arctic to outrun bad guys in their search for stolen treasure.Middle School: Dog’s Best Friend -  written with Chris Tebbetts and Jomike Tejido, illustrator. Non-stop laughs mark this next installment of the popular middle-school series.Give Please a Chance -  written with Bill OReilly. This beautifully illustrated children’s book celebrates the magic of the word â€Å"please.†Word of Mouse -  written with Chris  Grabenstein. This middle-school book examines the concept of friendship through the relat ionship of a lonely girl and a blue mouse that is looking for his family. Check the complete list of James Pattersons books for his earlier works.

National Negro Council of Women

National Negro Council of Women   Overview Mary McLeod Bethune established the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) on December 5, 1935.   With the support of several African-American women’s organizations, the NCNW’s mission was to unify African-American women to improve race relations in the United States and abroad. Background Despite strides made by African-American artists and writers of the Harlem Renaissance, W.E.B. Du Bois’ vision of an end to racism was not during the 1920s. As Americans- especially African-Americanssuffered during the Great Depression, Bethune began to think that a unified group of organizations could lobby effectively for an end to segregation and discrimination. Activist Mary Church Terrell  suggested that Bethune form a council to help in these efforts. And the NCNW, â€Å"a national organization of national organizations† was established. With a vision of â€Å"Unity of Purpose and a Unity of Action,† Bethune efficiently organized a group of independent organizations to improve the lives of African-American women. The Great Depression: Finding Resources and Advocacy From the outset, NCNW officials focused on creating relationships with other organizations and federal agencies. NCNW began sponsoring educational programs. In 1938, the NCNW held the White House Conference on Governmental Cooperation in the Approach to the Problems of Negro Women and Children. Through this conference, the NCNW was able to lobby for more African-American women to hold upper-level government administrative positions. World War II: Desegregating the Military During World War II, the NCNW joined forces with other civil rights organizations such as the NAACP to lobby for the desegregation of the U.S. Army. The group also worked to help women internationally. In 1941, the NCNW became a member of the U.S. War Department’s Bureau of Public Relations. Working in the Women’s Interest Section, the organization campaigned for African-American to serve in the U.S. Army. The lobbying efforts paid off. Within one year, The Women’s Army Corps (WAC) began accepting African-American women where they were able to serve in the 688th Central Postal Battalion. During the 1940s, the NCNW also advocated for African-American workers to improve their skills for various employment opportunities. By launching several educational programs, NCNW helped African-Americans gain necessary skills for employment. The Civil Rights Movement In 1949, Dorothy Boulding Ferebee became the leader of the NCNW. Under Ferbee’s tutelage, the organization changed its focus to include promoting voter registration and education in the South. The NCNW also began using the legal system to help African-Americans overcome obstacles such as segregation. With a renewed focus on the burgeoning Civil Rights Movement, the NCNW allowed white women and other women of color to become members of the organization. By 1957, Dorothy Irene Height became the organization’s fourth president. Height used her power to support the Civil Rights Movement. Throughout the Civil Rights Movement, NCNW continued to lobby for women’s rights in the workplace, healthcare resources, prevention of racial discrimination in employment practices and providing federal aid for education. Post-Civil Rights Movement Following the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965, the NCNW once again changed its mission. The organization focused its efforts on helping African-American women overcome economic problems. In 1966, the NCNW became a tax-exempt organization that allowed them to mentor African-American women and promote the need for volunteers in communities across the country. The NCNW also focused on providing educational and employment opportunities for low-income African-American women. By the 1990s, the NCNW worked to end gang violence, teenage pregnancy and drug abuse in African-American communities.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Evolving Workplace Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evolving Workplace Technologies - Essay Example Due to worries the instant messaging, by its ease of initiating and participating in online conversations, contribute to a rise in interruption of tasks, the article investigates the association linking IM and interruption. While some scholars state that IM if used in a strategic manner, it may reduce interruptions, the study finds that the utilization of IM has no effect on extensive amounts of work communication. In contrast, the findings show that individuals who utilize IM at work report being less frequently interrupted than those who do not use IM. Besides, they get involved in most regular computer-mediated communication than non-users, encompassing work-associated and personal communication. McGuire, D., Todnem By, R., & Hutchings, K. ''Towards a model of human resource solutions for achieving intergenerational interaction in organizations.'' Journal of European industrial training, 31 (8), 592-608. Avoiding disputes and attaining inter-generational interaction is turning out to be difficult in workplaces with a mixture of generations. The article offers a model and suggests HR solutions aimed at achieving co-operative generational interaction. The article adopts Park's theory of race associations to discuss the uniqueness of generational work clusters and the challenges along with opportunities that such groups offer during interactions in firms. The paper establishes a research agenda for analyzing how different generations interact in the workplace and acknowledge the limitations of utilizing Park's theory.

Scientific Publications Exercise Research Paper

Scientific Publications Exercise - Research Paper Example ar dynamics simulations have shown that interactions of lipid head groups with the protein is with the help of weak charge and hydrogen bond interactions. A set of exchange reactions governs the effective binding of lipid molecules usually defined by equilibrium constant. Thus the annular site on a protein membrane bilayer containing PC and PS mixture would be occupied by either a PC or a PS molecule Author were trying to prove that the anionic lipids could significantly effect the functioning of channels. This is evident from the explanations on the lipid phosphatidylserine which made the channels active irrespective of phosphatidylcholine being present in large numbers. The conclusion is inadequate to establish their claims. Though the author is of the opinion that binding to large charge clusters could influence the anionic lipids on the channel function , they also believe that the collective influence of the physical properties of the lipid layer cannot be ruled out. It was suspected earlier that an infectious agent was associated with the initiation of cancer in any normal cell. After one hundred years of research it is established that the viral, bacterial or a parasitic infection had a definite role in the human carcinogenesis. Further, the estimates have shown that the proportion of vulnerable cancer cases could also be reduced to a level of 20 percent if particular infectious agents could be eliminated. The enquiry to explore where the infectious agent causing cancer is partially answered in the case of Merkel cell carcinoma. Some of the carcinoma condition was developed after having infected with epidemic like AIDS. The research results presented in this paper explain that just detecting the microbial genome cannot confirm the incidence of cancer. Also, it is proposed that no one can infect a person with the causative agent and then wait for any signs of incidence of cancer. Thus the authors confirm that the evaluation method that assigns specific

Friday, October 18, 2019

Healthcare Spending Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Healthcare Spending - Essay Example In order to achieve desired health outcomes, there should be a systematic approach that addresses staff competence, health care financing, and emphasis on quality. System theory offers a guide health care towards the desired direction by employing evidenced-based management practices to enhance quality, accessibility an equity as fundamental elements of health care systems. The theory envisions use of a systematic guideline in practice to ensure health care emans such as quality, affordability are met. One of the fundamental concepts of system theory is system thinking. Wiegerinck, Kappen, & Burgers (2010) stated that the application of system theory in the health care system can have an incredible achievement in streamlining operations towards the desired standards. With system thinking, health care quality would greatly improve because the conceptual framework would help in building health care as a system with several subsystems. This theory emphasizes six critical cornerstones that apply well to the health care system. Firstly, it higlightes improving communication among subsystems within a larger system. Certainly, communication is an important asset in health care reforms. Communication allows for nursing, and medical staff strives towards the same direction by employing uniform quality care. Quality health care standard is, therefore, an important feature in the health care system (Bhandari & Snowdon, 2012). Secondly, the social theory, a fundamental component of the system theory, premises teamwork as a success strategy in any task undertaking. Evidently, achieving health care standards that quality-based, cost-effective and appropriate to the community culture requires interdisciplinary collaboration. In contemporary health care system emphasizes on teaming up with the community members in the identification of health care needs, this is emphasized in system theory

Conclusion on Private Equity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conclusion on Private Equity - Essay Example After the buyouts, the private equity firms are able to manage the companies in to making profits, after which they are sold to other investors. The private equity firms do a financial refurbishment of the companies facing a crisis. The Private equity firms also rebuilt the financial structures so that the companies get the ability of becoming productive financially. The major aim of the private equity firms is to make substantial returns to investors and to make their profits from the capsizing companies (Cendrowski, 2011 p89). The Blackstone Group is firm that deals with private equity it is based in America in the New York state. The investment company has got interests in vital businesses across the world. Blackstone is one of the largest firms that deal in a leveraged buyout transactions. They also have an interest to the real estate sector more so the commercial real estate business. The company is able to buyout a failing company, restructure the management of the company, put in a few investors and then they are able to turn around the financial status of the company in remarkably little time. The firm will then take out profits in the form of commissions that are deducted for the management of the company, and they also charge a performance fee that they will use to quantify their profits. The Southern Cross Healthcare is among the top companies that provides healthcare to the United Kingdom community. The Southern Cross have specialized their health care to care for the elderly people and those suffering from mental health in the residential and long term nursing homes. The Southern Cross business is also specialized in offering health care services to people who are suffering from brain injuries, and psychiatric issues. The company owns more than one hundred and sixty homes. Southern Cross was faring well under the management of John Moreton until the buyout of West Private Equity and Health care investments came along. Blackstone acquired Southern C ross by a buyout that was done in 2004 for a tune of ?162 million. They operated more than one hundred and sixty two homes whereby a majority of the homes were leased. Blackstone then put down its management skills on Southern Cross and invested in the company to make it one of the best health care providers in the United Kingdom. They also managed to acquire the Nursing Home Properties which were put under Southern Cross; this increased the portfolio of Southern Cross and made the health care provider become the largest health care provider in the United Kingdom. Later in 2005, Blackstone also acquired the Ashbourne Group which they also included in to the portfolio of Southern Cross. This still increased the financial credibility of Southern Cross, and this was at the same time increasing the quality of the services that they were giving to the people. Blackstone acquired the Ashbourne group with the aim of increasing the quality of services to Southern Cross. So far, the manageme nt methods of Blackstone to Southern were being done correctly, and the company was raking massive profits to investors, and management of the company was also benefiting. Apart from the management and the investors benefiting, the society was getting value for their money in terms of the

Roles you play Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Roles you play - Essay Example The first task consisted in eliciting support from the members of the community through their becoming members of this group. A few of us, including myself, were given the task of persuading as many community members as possible to become members, and involve themselves in the activities of planning, implementing, and monitoring of the community development activities. Thus, my first group task was that of INITIATOR-CONTRIBUTOR. This role was assumed by me, because of the motivation and energy that I had for the objectives of the group, and my ability for persuasive communication. This role was effective in drawing many members to the group. It was not long before a majority of the members of the community had become members of the group, and the forming phase was over. We next had to get down to the storming phase or the phase in which the agenda of group activities would be decided. At this stage my role in the group changed to that of an ELABORATOR. This role was assumed by me as I had the capacity to listen and understand the opinions of the members of the group, and put it to the group clearly, for better understanding in the group. This role was effective in ensuring that every member had a proper voice in the setting of the agenda for the group activities. Having sorted out the agenda, we next moved on to assigning tasks and roles for the members of the group. This was the most disruptive phase encountered thus far. In this phase I played the role of a GATEKEEPER-EXPEDITER. Every member needed to know the opinions of others, and also have a say in the assigning of roles and tasks, for an amicable way in going about the assigning and acceptance of roles and tasks. I assumed this role because of my listening and communication skills, persuasive nature, and high energy levels. This role of mine ensured that communication between members was maintained during the disharmonious periods, so that tasks and roles

Sociological Perspectives of Deviance Over The Life Course Research Paper

Sociological Perspectives of Deviance Over The Life Course - Research Paper Example Laub and Robert(1990, p600) noted that the major shortcoming of criminologists’ approach to crime is that they ignore the early childhood characteristics of crime and as a result, it has become challenging to establish a relationship between child and adult offenses in the society. In the human development stages, empirical research has established that criminal behavior begins from childhood and attains its peak during adolescence, continuing later in life, as a person grows older. Moreover, labor market and social stability are important factors that influence development of deviant behavior later in life (Laub and Robert, 1990, p604). This paper investigates how criminal deviant behavior changes over one’s life course, by looking into strain and self-control theory in the theoretical criminology perspective. Sociological theories of criminal deviant behavior In the contemporary society, the culture of a given community determines what behavior is normal or deviant th rough established norms and values (Blumstein, et al, 1986, p53). This implies that a behavior considered deviant in one society could be acceptable in another. Blumstein et al(1986, p32) noted that norms and values constitute to the moral code of a culture that determines whether certain behavior is ‘good or bad’, and if it is right or wrong. In order to establish whether an action is normal or deviant, it is important to not only consider the action, but the place, the character of the person and the culture or the society that the action is done. Therefore, from a sociological point of view, deviant behavior is a conduct that does comply with the values and norms of the society in question (Hagan, 1989, p66). There is great disparity between normal and deviant behavior in view of different societies, but some actions are universally regarded as deviant, such mass murder, genocide, defiling children just to name a few. However, there is no scientific framework of esta blishing whether a given action is normal or amounts to deviance. As a result, sociologists affirm that there is a higher moral order that establishes whether a certain behavior is deviant, regardless of the cultural belief or conviction about the normality of the behavior (Hagan, 1989, p69). For example, certain behavior such as child abuse is presently considered deviant irrespective of cultural beliefs that justified punishment of child as a way of imparting discipline. Deviance behavior is a normal in every society and it presents opportunities for the larger society to unite with intention of countering the deviant group (Caspi, 1987, p 1215). The unity of purpose is essential for continuous survival of any group. It is common for members in society to take each other granted when everything is working normally resulting to weakening of social interdependence. However, emergence of social deviance behavior in society rekindles their unity, and it compels the society to recommit to social controls that hold the society together. Moreover, deviant behavior

Morphsuits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Morphsuits - Essay Example The founders of the company include two brothers Fraser and Ali Smeaton, and Gregor Lawson who was their flatmate. The founders of the company lived in Edinburgh, the headquarters of the company, Scotland and this innovation would have phenomenal growth in the country and across the world. The three seized the opportunity in what can be described as an entrepreneurial move and started the production of morphsuits from their apartment (BBC News, 2014). The entrepreneurial characteristic that is important in innovations and development relates to the identification of an opportunity and its maximum utilization as the three founder members did with the introduction of morphsuits. The idea stemming from the party and the dress code of their friend who was prominent at the party getting a lot of attention, being bought drinks and taking numerous pictures spurred the theme behind morphsuits. The three founders took the opportunity and made an investment of one thousand dollars each while ensuring improvement to the bodysuit. The improvement to the morphsuits that distinguished it from the body suit was the provision of better vision. Two additional characteristics are exhibited in the development of morphsuits with the first one being taking of risks in terms of investments. Innovations are done on the projection of positive results in the future, but so are the chances of failure and hence innovations have to be accompanied by an incr eased level of risk acceptance. Innovations are possible when people are risk takers as opposed to being risk averse. The second element visible from the morphsuits example touches on the improvement in quality or an identified aspect of an existing product or idea. The morphsuits designed by the three founders cover the whole body and come in different varieties of designs to suit the expectations of consumers. The name morphsuits might be assumed ambiguous, but on the

Discussion Paper - Industry Certifications Essay

Discussion Paper - Industry Certifications - Essay Example The website is very detailed with further information regarding fees, deadlines for paying the fees and a section with testimonies of how the CSEP certification has aided in their career advancement. In order to qualify for the CSEP exam, candidates are required to possess a minimum of three years professional employment on a full time basis. Additionally, they should have obtained their experience in the special events industry. On the other hand, the CMP program has a number of requirements for the professional experience and the internship experience. Both categories mandate that the person be in the tourism, meeting and exhibition industry. Applicants should also have a minimum of three years for the professional program and 200 hours of work experience, for the internship program. The two programs exhibit a similar history of formation and a common desire to promote their respective industries through professionalism, ethics and a strict code of conduct, aimed to improve the standards of the professionals in their specific industries. However, there are some differences, such as their structures. The CMP is more focused on meetings while CSEP places emphasis on the event planning as a whole. The CMP and CSEP programs both offer similar rates for the application and exam registration fee of about $ 600. Personally, I would pursue the CSEP program because it provides a better forum for enhancing my career. Its ability to link professionals with companies and its wholesome approach, makes it a better option than the CMP program. I would like to pose the following questions for clarification:-Are there any additional refresher courses available after the completion of the program(s)? Can a person pursue both the CMP and CSEP programs

Thursday, October 17, 2019

EXERCISE 5 P+P Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

EXERCISE 5 P+P - Research Paper Example The Merise has the basic assumption of System design and development going through three cycles of - abstraction, approval and life cycle. There can be object oriented transformation of Merise analysis. The cognitive bias of Merise is that it is not limited only to the modeling of a database (Pham, 1991). 2. Purpose & Periphery   What does the method encompass?   What is it (designed to be) used for?   To what can it be adapted/applied?   What does it preclude? The method encompasses three characteristics viz. structural overview with diagram and text that is beneficial for easier implementation, better quality system and a use of improved planning. The development method was primarily designed for UK and the government computing requirements. The application later became hugely popular and hence it was adapted by the European public sector companies (Doorn, 2002) . The Merise mainly encompasses graphical representation through three different cycles. It is mainly designed fo r development cycle, which is decision cycle, life cycle and abstraction cycle. It is mainly applied such that data and processes are viewed in conceptual level then logical level and finally operational level (Pham, 1991). The SSADM technology precludes various drawbacks of previous technologies by offering below listed advantages:- 1. SSADM involves user 2. SSADM separates the logical and physical aspect of the system 3. It gives the three different views of the system 4. It has well-defined techniques and documentation However, SSADM technology cannot be applied in all conditions. The SSADM technology requires a large enterprise and may not be suitable for all types of enterprises like Small scale or medium. A large investment of time and money is required to use this technology. It requires a big place and also needs trained people to use it (Ashworth, 1990). 3. Process & Procedure Guidance offered   What do we do? What happens next?   Procedures for moving through the stage s/phases/tasks/ Practitioner guide   Participant guidance   There are guidance available, which can teach the software designing methodology with plenty of tutorials available, both in printed form and online format. The Practical Business Systems Development using SSADM4 by Philip Weaver (Weaver, 2002) is a complete guideline on it. There are software development sites, which help in these issues too. With the help of Logical Data Modelling, one can identify, model and document the requirements of data for the system being considered for design. Using this method, the data is separated into relationships and entities. Because of this, it becomes easier to know about the fields for which business needs to record the information and about the relationships between entities. The data flow modelling recognize, model and document the movement of data around the information system. It examines the actions which transform one form of data to another, area where data is held, what rece ive data into system or sends data from system and also about the routes through which data can flow. And the entity behaviour modelling takes care of actions that influence each unit and the sequence in which these actions occur. There are detail procedures in these tutorial books which guides through stages of the task. Even there are modules like requirements analysis,

Qualitative Data Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Qualitative Data Analysis - Essay Example The essay shows the importance of establishing linkages and the possible changes that occur in these linkages. The two cases of venture into Taiwan and Korea are different and show the significance of linkages and how firms establish linkages. In Taiwan the multinational company established a joint venture with a large local firm and the venture was less expensive and fast. In this case the form of linkage formed by the firm is through establishing china suppliers and also local suppliers of its goods. The purpose why MNE will create linkages with suppliers is because they will be in a position to communicate about the quality and prices that are desired in the market. Firms in most cases will opt to establish partners but if this fails they will tend to establish these linkages on their own. The advantage of forming linkages with suppliers is them being a source of information regarding the current trends in the market. Linkages will widen and also deepen over time when an MNE inves ts in a foreign country, linkages will widen as the firm expands in the host countries where it forms linkages with several suppliers. From this essay therefore it is clear that linkages developed by firms are beneficial to the MNE and therefore there is need for the MNE to understand the importance of developing linkages, they help firms to gain competitive advantage, however there is need to undertake more research on the forms and types of linkages formed by these firms and also regarding the disadvantages of forming these linkages.

Isadora Duncan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Isadora Duncan - Research Paper Example Even St. Denis and Shawn were under the influence of Isadora in the use of Greek themes and symphonic music. They recognized that they tried to synchronize orchestra and chorus because Isadora did not try to do that. If she was not born on May 26, 1878, in San- Francisco, but somewhere in ancient Hellas, the priests would probably perceive her gift as an earthly incarnation of the muse Terpsichore. Live she not in agitated Europe at the beginning of the bloody XX century, today’s feminists would probably make her their tribune and role model. She was a real enigma. All her biographers were perplexed by a huge amount of mystical details, concentration of which in a life of a fictional literary protagonist could be the cause for critics to accuse a writer of propaganda of fatalism and artificiality of the plot. Are you the empty vessel or a fire flickering in the vessel? It was not said about her, but once a bright spark of divine fire illuminated her way in art, making famous A merican Isadora Duncan from a beginning ballerina. The fire that lit her way consumed her one day. On that day in May, when Isadora Angela Duncan was born, the mother of the future European star suffered two disappointments: the first sounds she heard recovering from childbirth were vehement cries of depositors of her husband’ bank. Joseph ran away with their savings God knows where. The first thing that the unhappy woman saw was her newborn daughter threshing air almost convulsively. â€Å"I knew that a monster is born, - she said to a midwife. The child can not be normal, she jumped and hopped in my womb and all this is the punishment for the sins of her villain father Joseph ...† She did not see dancing future and destiny in the first movements of the baby. However, despite the complete absence of the gift of foresight, she was able to bring up her daughter and three older children without any help of their phony dad and even gave them good education. Those efforts were not appreciated by little Isadora: being 13 years old, she left school and got addicted to music and dancing. Her first attempt to conquer Chicago ended with a complete failure, except for the first whirlwind romance with a fiery redhead seducer - Ivan Miroski, who burned her soul to such an extent that Isadora preferred to run away from the bitter happiness to Europe in a hold for transportation of livestock. Her perspective was uncertain. On the other side of the Channel her main rival, Mata Hari, was at the zenith of fame at that time. She has already found her creed in dance, undressing in front of the audience, mesmerizing it with Eastern pa. She was lucky enough to find a patroness in the person of the famous actress Campbell. Isadora spread her passion defending the idea that a dance should be a symbol of freedom, progress of natural grace, language of emotion, not a set of rehearsed gestures. Campbell, the queen of London salons, arranged her protege’s debut at a private reception, where presented her as an â€Å"exotic hors-d'oeuvre.† And that was the right decision - bold Isadora, dancing barefoot in a tunic, instead of a pack, copying much of ancient Greek plastic, saw delight in spectators’

Maintain a General Ledger Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Maintain a General Ledger - Research Paper Example These kinds of assets are known as 'fixed assets'. Current assets represent the stock of business assets held by the company, the debtors and cash and bank balances. There are intangible assets like goodwill also. Liabilities represent the amounts payable by the company to different constituents of the business like banks, creditors or other agencies. Liabilities may be classified as 'long term liabilities' representing the loans obtained by the company from banks or other financial institutions for running the business and 'current liabilities' representing the amounts payable to The Revenues are the income being earned by any business. Revenues include sales and other earnings from investments of the business. Rental income and interests from investments are also considered as revenues. The revenues are the cash inflows for the business and determine the profits of the company. Expenses are the cash outflows from the business in connection with the running of the business. Expenses may be of capital in nature representing purchase of additional assets or machinery. Revenue expenses are those incurred on a day to day basis for running of the business. The revenue expenses are charged against the income of the business and the profits determined. In the double entry book keeping principle every accounting entry should have a corresponding debit or credit entry reflected in another account. These entries are known as contra entries. Contra entries are passed through general journal and mostly represent non-cash transaction entries like accounting for depreciation. Writing off a bad debt In the course of business sales are done on a credit basis and the parties to whom the credit sales are made sometimes may not be able to make payment for the goods or services bought or availed due to their financial difficulties or bankruptcy. In those cases the amount due to the business is termed as a 'bad debt'. Usually these bad debts are charged off against revenue of the company as expense. This is known as 'writing off a bad debt'. Debtors also known as Accounts Receivables In the process of doing business many a times sales are being made to different parties on credit terms implying that the party instead of making the payment on cash basis will make the payment after a certain agreed period of time. These parties to whom sales are made on credit terms are known as 'Debtors' also known as 'Accounts Receivable' Creditors also known as Accounts Payable Just as the sales are being made on credit terms the business may procure the goods and services on credit terms with the payment to be made within definite periods mutually agreed between the suppliers and the business. These parties who supply the goods or services are known as 'Creditors' also known as 'Accounts Payable'. General Journal General Journal Sales Journal Sales Returns and Allowances Journal Purchase Journal General Ledger - Capital Account General Ledger -